偏高秆偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418和辽优5218的抗倒伏能力分析

文章对偏高秆、偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418、辽优5218组合在随机区组三次重复、较高肥力条件下的抗倒伏能力进行了分析。研究认为偏高秆、偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418、辽优5218组合具有抗倒伏能力强的理想茎秆物理形状:地上部第一伸长节间长度很短,地上部第二伸长节间长度也较短,基部茎秆截面椭圆长轴、短轴长和面积大,壁厚宽和茎壁截面积大,植株表现出抗倒伏能力强;在育种和栽培实践中,通过减少第一和第二伸长节间长度,适当加强茎秆基部物理性状的强度,降低穗位,增加穗长和穗颈长度等,可以提高杂交粳稻植株的抗倒性,使倒伏与株高和生物产量的矛盾在更高产水平上得到统一。

Analysis on Lodging Resistance of Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 with Higher Stems and Bigger Panicles

Lodging resistance capability of hybrid japonica rice Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 were investigated under higher fertility condition. The results suggested that Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 possessed ideal stalk physical characteristics of lodging resistance, such as shorter basal and second internodes, longer major and minor axis of over cross section of basal stem, wider wall thickness and bigger area of wall section of basal stem. Thus plants showed stronger lodging resistance capability. By shortening the length of the first and second internode, improving the intensity of physical characters of basal stalks, lowering the position of panicles, increasing the length of panicle and neck-panicle properly, lodging resistance of hybrid japonica rice was strengthened. So the contradiction among the lodging resistance, plant height and biomass were settled at a level of higher yield.