葫芦科植物单倍体离体诱导研究进展

重点对葫芦科植物离体诱导单倍体的研究进行综述,包括花药培养、离体雌核培养、辐射花粉诱导单倍体培养等在育种中的应用,以及供体基因型、培养基、预处理方式、胚囊发育时期等因素对离体诱导再生频率的影响。关于离体培养发育机制的生理生化研究主要集中在离体雌核发育的形态及细胞学过程以及培养早期生理、生化的变化研究。同时总结了葫芦科植物DH育种研究进展,指出葫芦科植物离体诱导单倍体研究中存在的问题并提出思路和建议。

Progress in Studies on in vitro Inducement of Haploids in Cucurbitaceae Vegetable Crops

The paper summarizes studies of in vitro inducement of haploids in cucurbitaceae,including anther culture,in vitro gynogenesis culture and induction of haploid obtained by irradiated pollen.The factors affectting in vitro inducement such as material genetype,medium,pretreatment,megaspores development stage and others had significant effects on the embryoids inductivities.The movement of histological,early physiological and biochemical indexes of growth mechanism were studied.The development of DH breeding were summarized.The problems of studies in this field are discussed and proposed methods of studies are suggested.