北京延庆甘蓝枯萎病发生和危害调查

【研究目的】对北京市延庆县2002—2006年期间甘蓝枯萎病的田间发生和危害进行了追踪和实地调查,旨在为后续研究和病害综合控制实践提供参考。【方法】文献追溯法、田间实地调查、数据分析方法;【结果】近五年来甘蓝枯萎病在北京市延庆县的发生呈现快速上升趋势,由2002年的2个村约13.3hm2发展到2006年的25个村86.7hm2,提高了6.5倍。病害造成的产量损失高达30%以上,甚至绝收。甘蓝枯萎病的发生和危害与田间土壤、气候和品种抗病性关系密切;生产中目前尚无有效的预防控制措施。系统研究病原种类、初侵染来源和病害传播方式具有紧迫性。【结论】加速甘蓝种子健康检测和杀菌剂预防保健处理、筛选适合与土壤消毒的化学药进行应急防治的配套技术措施研究是病害综合防治的重点。

Investigation of Occurrence and Damage of Cabbage Wilt Disease in Yanqing County of Beijing

OBJECTIVE]To investigate the occurrence and damage of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linn.) wilt disease during 2002-2006 in the field located in Yanqing county of Beijing, in order to assist the follow-up research and control practice of the disease in near future. METHOD]The literatures tracing, the field investigation, and data analysis were used in this paper. RESULTS]The results showed that cabbage wilt disease developed with high speed in Yangqing cabbage production in the past five years. The disease areas were more than 13.3 hectare in two villages 2002, and expanded to 86.7 hectare in 25 villages 2006. It suggested the disease area increased 6.5 times. The yield losses were more that thirty percent and even without harvests. There is significant relationship between disease occurrence and damage with the field soil, climate and the cabbage resistance to disease. Up to now, there is not effective measure to control the disease. It is urgent to clarify the species of pathogen, the source of primarily infection and the way of disease transmission.CONCLUSION] For disease integrated management, it is the most important and the key point to detect cabbage seed health, to try fungicide seed treatment, as well as to screen chemicals for soil sterilization.