苹果栽培品种的微卫星标记鉴定

利用SSR标记技术,根据11对引物的非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图谱分析了20个主要苹果栽培品种的遗传多样性。共扩增出163个位点,其中多态性位点74个,每对引物的多态位点百分率在33.33%～63.16%之间。利用NTSYSpc2.1软件进行相似性系数计算,并构建聚类树状图,可将供试苹果品种分为四大类,与传统系谱分类基本一致,并初步建立了一个供试苹果品种的SSR基因型图谱库,为建立中国苹果品种的SSR基因型数据库奠定了基础。说明SSR分子标记技术应用于苹果品种鉴定和品种权保护是可行的。

Identification of Apple Cultivars with SSR Markers

It is very important for the farmers and breeders to build a fast and dependable method of cultivars identification. By using SSR,20 apple cultivars were amplified by using 11 pairs of primers for genomic polymorphic analysis. SSR fragments of all pairs of primers were detected by polyacrylamide gel:163 loci were amplified and polymorphic percentage of amplified loci was 33.33%~63.16%. Based on the SSR results, calculation of the similarity coeffecient and also UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the apple cultivars could be classified into the four groups being similar to the traditional classification. And genotype map at a group of SSR loci of per cultivar was obtained. So genotype patterns of providing cultivars were firstly established. It would lay out a foundation for further genetype database, also indicating that SSR markers were suitable for early variety identification and plant breeder''s rights protection.