半圈养状态下麋鹿对生境的影响

通过对大丰国家级麋鹿自然保护区内草本植物群落地上生物量、植物种类多样性及土壤的物理性质等方面调查研究,结果表明:(1)麋鹿对植物的选择性取食后造成其食物组成在各季节差异大,春季喜食植物生物量高,而秋季则低,不食的植物生物量与此正好相反;(2)圈养区内植物Shannon-wiener指数和Simpson指数分别为2.1992、0.4518,而网外分别为2.5671,0.8993,网内外的Srensen相似系数为0.56;(3)麋鹿活动频繁的生境土壤容重大,为1.52～1.60 g/dm3,含水率低,为21.08%～22.7%,而活动相对较少的狼尾草类群落,土壤容重小,为1.23～1.38 g/dm3,含水率高,为25.78%～26.68%。(4)麋鹿圈养区的景观异质性降低,趋向狼尾草占绝对优势的植被类型和光裸地两个方向演化。

Analysis of the Impact on Habitat Under Semi-free Range Milu(Elaphurus davidinus)

This paper studied mainly on aboveground biomass of herbaceous plant communities, herbaceous plant species diversity and soil physical properties in the Dafeng national Milu Nature Reserve. The results showed:(1) there were seasonal variations in the composition of their food by Milu feeding on plants selective. The biomass of directly-feeding plants were higher in spring and lower in autumn, non-feeding plant biomass were just the opposite. (2) The Simpson index and the Shannon-wiener index were 2.1992,0.4518 and 2.5671,0.8993 respectively, Srensen coefficient were 0.56 between the semi-free range and the free range. (3) The soil bulk density were 1.52~1.60 and soil moisture 21.08%~22.7% in Milu frequent habitats, there were smaller soil bulk density , 1.23~1.38, and higher soil moisture, 25.78%~26.68% in the Pennisetum virdis(L.)Beauv communities. (4) the landscape heterogeneity became to lower and evolved to vegetation types of P.virdis(L.)Beauv absolute advantage and bare land in the semi-free range.