沙尘暴粉尘对不同作物气体交换特征的影响

沙尘暴粉尘附着于作物叶片,对作物的光合作用、蒸腾作用、气孔导度及呼吸作用有明显的负面影响,并最终导致作物产量下降。通过对小麦、玉米和棉花3种民勤传统农作物的光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和呼吸速率(R)的测定,主要研究不同滞尘量对不同作物呼吸强度的影响,同时探讨了沙尘暴粉尘对同一作物不同生育期、不同叶位叶片呼吸强度的影响。结果表明,(1)棉花的Pn、Tr、Gs与小麦、玉米的相比,下降幅度较大,即小麦和玉米对粉尘污染生境的适应能力较强,棉花较差;(2)3种作物叶片的呼吸强度都随叶片滞尘量的增加而降低,呈明显负相关关系;(3)在不同生育期,作物呼吸强度差异达极显著(P<0.01);不同叶位叶片的呼吸强度也存在显著性差异。

Effects of Storm Dust on Gas Exchange in Crop Leaves

The sand storm dust adheres to the crops' leaves,has obvious negative influences to crops' Pn,Tr,Gs and respiration,and even causes the crop output to drop finally.The paper presented gas exchanges on three traditional crops in Minqin.It mainly solved the dust capacity of leaves influence on respiration rate of different crops as well as the different period of duration,the different position of leaves to respiration influence.The results showed that(1)The rate of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration r...