应用水稻eui基因改良不育系异交性状

对长穗颈不育系及其保持系的株高、秆型、穗颈伸出度及花器性状进行较系统的比较研究 ,结果表明 :(1 )长穗颈不育系株高显著增加 .含有 eui1基因的不育系株高的增加不仅归因于其倒一节间的显著伸长 ,其倒二、三节间也有不同程度的伸长 ;而含有 eui2基因的不育系的株高增加仅是由于倒一节间的显著伸长 .(2 )由于倒一节间的显著伸长 ,使得长穗颈不育系的包穗得到解除或减轻 ,但遗传解除包穗程度依不同的不育系而异 ,且 eui1基因一般比 eui2基因有更大的遗传解除包穗效果 .(3 )长穗颈不育系的颖花显著增长 ,长宽比加大 ;剑叶长、穗长有增加的趋势 ;柱头外露率也有不同程度的提高 ,柱头长、花药长依不同遗传背景而异 .(4 )长穗颈不育系的花粉不育度与原有不育系相比大多没有显著差异 .还探讨了利用 eui基因选育长穗颈不育系和不用、少用赤霉素 ,高产、低耗、增益利环保的杂交稻种子生产技术体系的建立

Effects of eui gene on improving outcrossing of CMS-lines

The comparison analysis of plant height, culm type, panicle extension, floral traits and outcrossing characteristics of eui CMS lines and the maintainers showed: (1) The plant height of eui CMS lines was significantly increased, the increased plant height of CMS lines with eui 1 gene was due to not only the significant elongation of uppermost internode, but also the elongation of 2nd, 3rd internodes, while the increased plant height of CMS lines with eui 2 gene was only due to the significant elongation of uppermost internode. (2)The significant increased uppermost internode led to less or no panicle enclosure of eui CMS lines, the effect of eui gene was different in different CMS lines, and the genetic effect of eui1 was stronger than that of eui 2. (3)The spikelet length, length width ratio of spikelet were significantly increased in eui CMS lines, the flag leaf length and panicle length were a little increased, the percent of the exserted stigma was a little increased, the stigma length and plump anther were different in various genetic backgrouds. (4) Pollen fertility of eui CMS lines was mostly similar to original CMS lines. The breeding of eui CMS lines and the establishment of the system of seed production with less or no GA 3, higher yield and lower cost in hybridrice were also discussed.