钒对鸡消化腺组织结构的影响

选择1日龄闽中麻鸡256羽,预饲1周后随机分为4组:A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;B、C、D组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加20、40和80 mg/kg的钒。试验期42 d。于14,21,28,35和42日龄每组随机取鸡6羽,解剖取肝和胰腺称重并取材,制作石蜡切片和超薄切片,研究不同钒水平对动物消化腺平均质量、器官指数及组织结构的影响。结果B组的肝和胰腺平均质量均高于A组,C组和D组肝脏的平均质量均低于A组,部分日龄差异显著(P<0.05);C组和D组的器官指数大于A组,部分日龄差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)。B组比A组的肝细胞线粒体和粗面内质网发达;胰腺的亮胰岛多且大。C组和D组的肝和胰腺出现细胞肿胀、变性、坏死等不同程度的病变。结果表明,在动物的日粮中添加20 mg/kg钒可以改善消化腺的组织结构,超过40 mg/kg会影响消化腺的发育,80 mg/kg损伤消化腺的组织结构。

Effect of vanadium on the digestive gland structures in chickens

A total of 256 one-day-old Minzhong-ma chickens were randomly divided into four groups after per-feeding for one week.The control group(A) was fed on the basal diet and experiment groups(B,C and D) were supplemented with 0 mg/kg,20mg/kg,40mg/kg,80mg/kg of vanadium for 42 days,respectively.Six chickens in each group were slaughtered after weighing at 14,21,28,35 and 42 days old,and then the liver and pancreas were weighed and fixed for structural observation under optical and electronic microscopes.The effect of vanadium level on the average mass,organ indexes and the structures of digestive glands in chickens were analyzed.The results showed that the average weights of livers and pancreas in B group were higher than those in A group,while the liver weights in the C and D groups were lower than that in A group.For the above changes,there was a significant difference in some days(P<0.05).But the indexes of liver and pancreas in C and D groups were higher than those in A group,even significant(P<0.05) and extremely significant difference(P<0.01) in some days.The mitochondrion and RER of hepatocyte in B group were more developed than those in A group,and the bright pancreas islet was more and bigger in B group.There were some pathological changes in liver and pancreas of C and D groups,manifested with swelling,denaturalization,putrescence and so on.It suggested that the vanadium of 20 mg/kg in dietary could improve the structures of digestive glands in chickens,but more than 40 mg/kg could effect their development,and 80 mg/kg could damage the structures.