微波法提取黑花生衣色素的研究

目的]寻求提取黑花生衣色素的最佳工艺条件。方法]以黑花生衣为原料,采用微波辅助水浴浸提的方法,对黑花生衣的提取工艺条件进行研究。通过单因素试验研究乙醇浓度、料液比、微波温度和微波时间4因素对黑花生衣色素提取效率的影响,在此基础上,选取乙醇浓度、料液比、微波时间和微波功率为因子进行正交试验,确定黑花生皮色素提取最佳工艺条件。结果]正交试验表明,各因素对黑花生衣色素提取效率的影响程度依次为:微波功率料液比微波时间乙醇浓度。黑花生皮色素提取最佳工艺条件为:70%乙醇,料液比1∶50,提取功率350 W,微波时间3 min,而后在65℃下水浴浸提1 h,测得在523 nm下其吸光度为0.516。结论]该研究为开发一种新型的具有保健功能的食用天然色素提供理论参考。

Study on Extraction of Pigment from Black Peanut Skin

Objective] The study aimed to seek for the optimum technology conditions for extracting the pigment from the black peanut skin.Method] With the black peanut skin as the raw material,the technology conditions for extracting the pigment from black peanut skin were studied by using the microwave-assisted water leaching method.The effects of 4 factors including the alcohol concn.,solid-liquid ratio,microwave temperature and microwave time on the extraction rate of the pigment from the black peanut skin were studied through the single test,on which,the alcohol concn.,solid-liquid ratio,microwave time and microwave power were selected as the effecting factors to conduct the orthogonal experiment so as to confirm the optimum technology conditions for extracting the pigment from black peanut skin.Result] The orthogonal experiment shows that the effecting degree of various factors on the extraction of the pigment from black peanut skin was in order of microwave power > solid-liquid ratio > microwave time > alcohol concn.,The optimum technology conditions for extracting the pigment from the black peanut skin as follows: 70% alcohol,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 50,microwave power of 350 W,microwave time of 3 min,and then extracting by water leaching under 65 ℃ for1h with the absorbance of 0.516 at 523 nm.Conclusion] The study provided the theoretical reference for developing the new edible natural pigment with health care function.