艾比湖土壤盐渍化动态变化

以1990、1998和2007年Landsat-TM影像为数据源,利用RS和GIS技术,采用最大似然法、土壤动态度和转移矩阵3种研究方法对艾比湖流域土壤盐渍地现状、程度和发展趋势进行定量分析。结果表明:在1990～2007年,艾比湖土壤盐渍化程度日益加剧。其中,重度、中度、轻度盐渍地分别增加了1.40、89.60、476.16 km2,而非盐渍地减少了567.16 km2;重度盐渍地集中分布在阿拉山口附近及湖滨区上部,中度盐渍地主要位于湖滨区中部和接近外围下风区的沙漠地带,而轻度盐渍地广泛分布于艾比湖外围和绿洲的交汇处;面积增加最少的重度盐渍地主要由中度盐渍地部分转化,增加次之的中度盐渍地主要由轻度盐渍地部分转化,增加最多的轻度盐渍地主要由非盐渍地部分转化,而非盐渍地逐年减少。

Study on Dynamic Changes of Soil Salinization in Ebinur Lake, Xiniiang

Landsat-TM images acquired in 1990,1998 and 2007 were taken as data resources.Based on RS and GIS technology,the maximum likelihood,soil dynamic attitude and transfer matrix were adopted to analyze the present situation,degrees and developing trend of salinized-soil in Ebinur lake.The results showed that the salinized-soil phenomenon was increasingly aggravated in Ebinur lake from 1990 to 2007.The salinized areas in heavy-degree,mediate-degree and light-degree had increased respectively by 1.40,89.60 and 476.16 km2,but non-salinized soil decreased 567.16 km2.The severe saline was mainly nearby Alashankou and the upper of Hubin district.Most of the moderate saline located in the middle and peripheral Hubin district to the desert,and the mild saline was widely distributed in Ebinur lake periphery and the joint of oasis.The severe saline,which increased at least,mainly transformed by a part of moderate saline.The moderate saline,which increased more than the severe saline,was mainly formed by a few of mild saline.And the mild saline,whose increase was the most among them,was changed largely by parts of non-salinized soil which was becoming less year by year.