甘肃省玛曲县人工增雨气象条件分析

分析了甘肃省玛曲县降水的气候背景和天气系统,结果表明,80%的降水是由中尺度对流云团造成。为此,综述了用卫星云图分析青藏高原MCSs活动的特征及其大尺度环境条件和降水的关系,发现青南高原和玛曲对流云团的低云冰水路径,其中心强度为223～245 g/m2,大于东侧的陇南和陕南,而高云光学厚度则相反,玛曲仅为8,是陇南和陕南的44%,显然与高原海拔高度较高有关。玛曲的大降水多由对流云团产生,降水效率较小约为19%～40%,人工增雨潜力应比冷锋高云带大,但小于古巴热带对流云的增雨率39.7%。

Analysis on Meteorological Conditions of Artificial Precipitation Enhancement in Maqu County of Gansu Province

This paper analyzed precipitation climate background and weather system in Maqu County of Gansu Province.The results showed that 80% of the precipitation was caused by mesoscale convective cloud cluster.To this end,it overviewed the MCSs activities characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and the relationship between its large-scale environmental conditions and precipitation.It’s found that the center intensity of ice water path of lower cloud layer in Qingnan Plateau and Maqu convective cloud was 223-245 g/m2,greater than its in Longnan and Southern Shaanxi.But the upper cloud layer optical depth on the contrary,it’s only 8 in Maqu,it was 44% of Shaannan’s and Longnan’s,this was obviously related to higher altitude in plateau.Maqu large precipitation produced by convective clouds,precipitation efficiency was smaller,that was about 19%-40%.The potential of artificial precipitation enhancement was higher than its in cold front cloud band,but less than the Cuban tropical convective cloud,it was 39.7%.