云南通海蔬菜区土壤和蔬菜中重金属及农药残留分析

目的]为云南省蔬菜安全生产和可持续发展提供科学依据。方法]采用单因子指数法和综合污染指数法,分析云南省通海县蔬菜区土壤样品和蔬菜样品中重金属及农药残留,评价环境质量。结果]蔬菜种植区大部分土壤中Pb、Hg、As、Cr含量在评价标准范围内,个别区域Cr含量在警戒线范围内。总体上,土壤Pb、Hg、As、Cr多因子综合污染指数为0.64,小于0.70,污染等级属于安全级别。土壤农药残留检出氯氰菊酯和氯氰戊酯浓度分别为0.063 6、0.017 4 mg/kg。蔬菜农药残留检出百菌清浓度0.037 mg/kg。蔬菜亚硝酸盐含量低于国家标准(4 mg/kg)。结论]通海县蔬菜地土壤环境和蔬菜的农药残留情况较理想。

Investigations of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Contents in Soils and Vegetables inTonghai County of Yunnan

Objective] The research aimed to provide the scientific basis for the safety production of the vegetable and the sustainable development in Yunnan Province.Method] Single factor index method and comprehensive pollution index method were adopted to estimate the contents of heavy metals and pesticide residual of soil samples in and vegetable samples in Tonghai county,Yunnan Province.Result] The contents of four heavy metals in the most of soil samples in Tonghai were lower than the secondary standard values.But Cr content in one sample exceeded the secondary standard value.The comprehensive pollution index of the heavy metals in total soil was 0.64,less than 0.70,which showed that the soil belonged to the safety level.Soil pesticide residues of cis-cypermethrin and chlorine cyanogen e ester reached 0.063 6 and 0.017 4 mg/kg.Residue of chlorothalonil in the vegetables reached 0.037 mg/kg.Nitrite content in the vegetables was less than 4 mg/kg,which was lower than the pesticide standard.Conclusion] The vegetable soil environment and the agriculture residual of the vegetables were still ideal.