无传感器监测技术在离心泵中的应用研究综述

为深入研究无传感器技术在离心泵运行状态监测方面的应用,首先综述了无传感器技术的背景与研究现状:无传感器监测技术是一种将感应电动机作为转矩传感器,通过测量其定子电流、电压,分析电动机转矩信号并推算出运行状态从而实现运行状态监测的技术,具有安装使用方便,价格低廉等优点.由于大部分离心泵由感应电动机驱动,因此可以较为有效地解决传统状态监测技术中存在的问题.目前国内外对离心泵监测技术的研究主要集中在电动机及机械部件的诊断,离心泵运行工况的判别,电动机输出信号的提取、分析方法等方面,并且这些研究主要侧重于理论和仿真.其次提出了现阶段无传感器技术应用于离心泵状态监测方面研究的不足:关于离心泵内部流态的研究仍属空白,具体流动状态的识别研究较少,离心泵内不同流动状态特征的提取方法的研究较少.最后对离心泵无传感器监测技术的发展进行了展望:无传感器技术的突破在于着重解决水力负载转矩非定常特性、瞬态水力负载转矩在离心泵轴系传动及电动机系统中响应特性以及离心泵内不同流动状态特征的提取方法等问题.

Review for sensorless detection technology applied in centrifugal pumps

In order to further research the application of sensorless detection technology in operation detection of centrifugal pumps, the background and research status of such a technology have been reviewed first. The sensorless detection technology is a kind of method of monitoring pumps through testing the stator current and voltage and analyzing motor torque signal by using induction motors as torque transducers. This could decrease the cost and make it convenient to use. The problems in traditional condition detection technology could be resolved, because most of centrifugal pumps are driven by induction motors. Currently,the research into the centrifugal pump detection technology focuses mainly on the diagnosis of the motor and its mechanical components, identification of centrifugal pump operation condition and extraction and analysis methods of motor output signals. Most of the researches focus on the theory and simulation. Then deficiency in the research of sensorless detection technology applied in centrifugal pump operation detection has been proposed, such as limited research of internal flow state of centrifugal pumps in literatures, less research of identification of specific flow state, little research on the extraction of various internal flow states characteristics in centrifugal pumps. Finally, the future tendency of such a technology has been proposed. The breakthraghof this technology lies in the research of unsteady characteristics of hydraulic load torque, response characteristics of transient hydraulic load torque in centrifugal pump shaft transmission and motor system, as well as extraction of various flow states characteristics in centrifugal pumps.