马铃薯高淀粉生理基础的研究——块茎淀粉含量与植株若干生理特性

摘要本试验以高淀粉品种晋薯2号、中淀粉品种内薯3号和低淀粉品种紫花白为试验材料,设置了小区试验,在生育期间从植株茎叶生长、块茎淀粉含量变化、叶绿素含量、叶绿体超微结构、匍匐茎结构和淀粉粒大小等方面进行了研究,其结果:(1)块茎淀粉含量与淀粉粒直径、叶绿素b的含量呈显著正相关关系,可作为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质鉴定的重要生理指标;(2)块茎淀粉含量与叶绿素总量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿体基粒数及基粒片层数、匍匐茎维管束横切面占匍匐茎横切面的百分比呈正相关趋势,以上各项生理参数可作为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质鉴定的参考指标.

STUDY ON HIGH STARCH PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF POTATO——THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TUBER STARCH CONTENT AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PLANT

In small area test, using three types of varictics (high starch Jinshu No.2, middle starch Neishu No.3 and low starch Zihuabai), we have studied the relationship between tuber starch content and the growth of plant stem and leaf, and the change of tuber starch content, chlorophyll content, chloroplast ultra structure, stolon structure, starch granule diamctre etc. during growth period. The results shows: (1) There is significantly positive correlation of the tuber starch content with the starch granule diametre of tubers and the chlorophyll b content. Thus they can be used as important early stage selection indexes for breeding high starch potatoes and quality identification indexes; (2) There is a positive correlation of the tuber starch content with the total chlorophyll content and the ratio of vascular bundle area to the whole area of stolon. Therefore, they can be used as consulting indexes for breeding high potatoes.