东北黑土区防护林带对土壤水分影响的研究

对森林土壤水分的研究是揭示森林生态系统功能、评价森林环境综合效益的基础。以黑龙江嫩江九三农星分局鹤山农场鹤北流域2号小流域的横坡林带和8号小流域的顺坡林带为研究对象，系统研究了林带对土壤水分动态变化过程、土壤水分剖面特征、两侧农地土壤水分的影响。结果发现，林带对土壤水分动态和剖面特征没有显著影响．但剖面最大水分出现的深度大于周边农地。受林带拦截径流、林带遮阴等影响，林带上下坡和左右侧的土壤水分存在一定的差异。受林带及草被蒸腾耗水和降雨截留等因素的综合影响。林带边缘及林带内土壤水分明显小于林带周围的农地。

Impact of Shelter Belt on Soil Moisture in Black Soil Area of Northest China

Studying on soil moisture is the base of demonstrating ecosystem function and evaluating comprehensive environmental benefits of forest. The shelter belts of horizon and up and down of hill were selected in second and eighth small catchment of Hebei watershed in Heilongjiang to investigate the potential effects of shelter belt on dy- namic of soil moisture, soil water profile and soil moisture of cropland of two sides of shelter belt. The results showed that the shelter belt had no significant effects on dynamic and profile of soil moisture, but the depth of maximum soil moisture appeared were different. Influenced by runoff interception and shady produced by shelter belt, there were significant difference on soil moisture between up and down slopes, and between right and left sides of shelter belt. The soil moisture of inside and close to shelter belt was less than cropland.