籼粳交错区滇杂粳稻栽培技术研究

 通过对品种、秧龄、氮肥量以及施肥方式4因素按正交试验设计L ₉（3⁴）在海拔为1290m的云南蒙自进行试验,研究栽培措施对滇杂粳稻品种产量性状的影响。结果表明：各因素对供试滇型杂交粳稻的产量均有显著影响,影响程度依次为氮肥施用量>品种>施肥方式>秧龄。产量最高的是由滇杂32构成的第8组合,秧龄为60d,按270kg/hm2的纯氮标准以底肥和移栽7d后分别追施50%。所有处理组合中对产量贡献较大的是穗数及每穗粒数,因此在生产应用中,滇杂粳稻应选择穗数及每穗粒数较多的组合,协调好2个产量构成要素能获得高产。滇杂粳稻的产量及产量性状受到栽培措施的影响与在海拔为1650m的保山区的研究结果比较一致,说明滇杂粳稻有较强的稳定性和适应性,这为滇型杂交粳稻的推广提供理论依据。

Study on the Cultivating Techniques of Japonica Hybrid Rice of Dian Type at Cross Area of Indica and Japonica

Effects of cultivating practices on yields and yield components of Japonica hybrid rice of Dian type were analyzed with the orthogonal experimental design of L ₉（3 ⁴） that had 4 variable factors, including variety, seedling age, pure nitrogen and fertilize mode in Mengzi of Yunnan province, where the altitude is 1290m. The results showed that effects of 4 factors on yields had extremely significant levels, and the order was pure nitrogen > variety > fertilize mode > seedling age. The 8th combination with Dianza 32had the highest yields, which combination had 60 days seedling age, and half pure nitrogen of 270kg/hm2 was respectively fertilized as base fertilizer and at 7 days after transplanted. At all combinations, ears and grains per ear had large contribution to the yields, so the coordination of both components should be paid attention to for achieving super high yield in the Japonica hybrid rice production. The effects of cultivated practices on yields and the yield components of hybrid combinations were as the same as the study in Baoshan where the altitude is 1650m. It is suggested that those 3 hybrid combinations had strongly stability and adaptability, which provides the theoretical basis for spread application of hybrid Japonica rice of Dian type in production.