广州市石牌市场食用菌重金属含量及评价

[目的]监测广州市石牌市场食用菌重金属含量并作评价。[方法]采用高氯酸-硝酸消化法和火焰原子吸收分光光度计测定了广州石牌东肉菜市场茶薪菇、木耳、云耳、猴头菇、姬松茸、冬菇、灰树花、灵芝和雪耳9种食用菌干制品中的重金属含量,并用标准物进行对照分析。[结果]Cu、Fe、Zn、Pb、Mn、Ni、Cr和Cd8种重金属元素在食用菌干制品中的含量范围分别是：ND～53.89、6.52～454.94、5.70～122.91、ND～15.01、1.86～76.54、ND～2.15、ND～7.72和ND～3.39mg/kg（干重）;其平均含量分别是18.25、158.47、64.70、5.60、24.27、0.68、2.36和1.00mg/kg（干重）。[结论]9种食用菌样品中有7个Pb含量超出国家标准,其中最高的是猴头菇,是国标的7.51倍;检测出含Cd的有7个品种,其中6个Cd含量超出国家标准。

Contents and Assessment of Heavy Metals in Edible Mushrooms from Shipai Market of Guangzhou City

[Objective] The study aimed to inspect the heavy metal contents in edible mushrooms from Shipai market of Guangzhou City and make their evaluation. [Method] The perchlorate-nitric acid digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer were used to determine the heavy metal contents in 9 kinds of edible mushrooms dry goods collected from Shipai market of Guangzhou City including Agrocybe aegerita,Auricularia polytricha,Auricularia auricula,Hericium erinaceus,Agaricus blazei,Lentinus edodes,Grifola frondosa,Ganoderma sichuanense and Tremella fuciformis and compare with the standard reference material. [Result] 8 kinds of heavy metal contents such as Cu,Fe,Zn,Pb,Mn,Ni,Cr and Cd in 9 kinds of edible fungus dry goods were ND-53.89,6.52-454.94,5.70-122.91,ND-15.01,1.86-76.54,ND-2.15,ND-7.72 and ND-3.39 mg/kg(dry weight) resp. and their average content were 18.25,158.47,64.70,5.60,24.27,0.68,2.36 and 1.00 mg/kg(dry weight) resp. [Conclusion] The Pb content in 7 from 9 edible fungus samples surpassed the regulatory limits of country's standards,in which,the Pb content in the H. erinaceus was maximum and it was 7.51 times of country's standards. Cd was detected in 7 samples and that in 6 samples surpassed the regulatory limits of country's standards.