引进的香蕉种质资源对云南枯萎病菌株的抗性评价

枯萎病严重影响香蕉产业的可持续发展。评估香蕉种质资源对云南枯萎病菌株TR4的抗性，遴选和储备抗病种质资源，为香蕉种质资源多样性在云南地区的利用、抗病种质资源和抗病基因的应用提供依据。本研究以国际生物多样性中心引进的11份香蕉种质资源为材料，在温室内接种不同浓度的云南枯萎病菌野生型菌株TR4（15-1），球茎解剖调查和病情指数分析，将香蕉种质资源分为免疫，高抗，抗病，中抗，感病和高感六个等级。结合已报道香蕉种质资源对其他TR4菌株的抗病性评估，遴选对云南菌株TR4（15-1）抗性较好的香蕉种质资源。在接种常规浓度（1×106孢子数/mL）TR4（15-1）条件下，Kazirakwe，Igitsiri，Mbwazirume，Inkira，Akpakpak，Pahang是云南菌株TR4（15-1）的抗病种质资源，接种20天的病情指数范围是20.31-29.27；GCTCV-119和Gros Michel为中抗种质资源；Baxi Jiao，Banksii和Ibwi是感病种质资源。在高浓度（1×108孢子数/mL）TR4（15-1）侵染下，常规浓度筛选到的6份抗病种质资源仍然表现为抗病，但GCTCV-119，Gros Michel，Baxi Jiao，Banksii和Ibwi均划分为感病种质资源。结合不同浓度病原菌侵染的病害调查分析，11份香蕉种质资源对云南菌株TR4（15-1）的抗性存在明显的差异，抗TR4（15-1）的强度依次为：Kazirakwe> Inkira>Pahang> Akpakpak> Igitsiri> Mbwazirume。本研究遴选到6份香蕉种质资源（Kazirakwe，Inkira，Pahang，Akpakpak，Igitsiri，Mbwazirume）对云南菌株TR4（15-1）具有较好的抗病性，为广谱性抗病资源。研究结果为云南产区香蕉抗病资源的储备、抗病种质的利用、保障云南香蕉产业的稳定发展奠定基础。

Assessing of imported banana germplasms resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4

Fusarium wilt is devastating disease which seriously affects sustainable production and green development of banana industry. Assessing banana germplasm resistant resources to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4) is essential for providing the basis for utilization of disease resistant germplasm, resistance gene and germplasm diversity. A total of 11 banana germplasms imported from Bioversity International were inoculated in greenhouse with wild-type strain TR4 (15-1) isolated from Yunnan. The disease index of plant corm was investigated and analyzed under inoculation with different concentrations of TR4. Combined with the disease resistance evaluation to other TR4 strain reported, banana germplasms with higher resistance to strain TR4 (15-1) were identified. Six banana germplasms (Kazirakwe, Igitsiri, Mbwazirume, Inkira, Pahang and Akpakpak) were resistant to strain TR4 (15-1) both at routine concentration (1×106 spores/mL) and high concentration (1×108 spores/mL). However, Baxi Jiao, Banksii and Ibwi were susceptible germplasms. The resistance of 11 banana germplasms to TR4 (15-1) was quite different, and the order of resistant germplasms was Kazirakwe > Inkira > Pahang > Akpakpak > Igithiri > Mbwazirume. In this research, six banana germplasms (Kazirakwe, Igitsiri, Mbwazirume, Inkira, Pahang and Akpakpak) are reliable disease resistant resources with broad-spectrum resistance to TR4. These results will provide solid foundations for the reservation or utilization of banana disease resistant resources and the sustainable development of banana industry in Yunnan.