广西柿子主产区橘小实蝇的转移为害规律研究

为了弄清橘小实蝇在广西恭城县柿子主产区的转移为害及不同寄主果园种群消长规律,2018年3月-2019年3月,利用实蝇诱剂(甲基丁香酚)对柿子产区不同寄主果园橘小实蝇的种群动态进行监测,同时采用五点取样法对该地区19种可能受橘小实蝇为害的寄主进行调查。结果表明,在恭城县柿子主产区,全年橘小实蝇成虫均可发生,不同寄主果园种群消长规律略有差异,1月上旬至5月上旬,种群数量处于极低水平,6月下旬至12月上旬为种群主要发生期,12月下旬种群数量急剧减少。冬后,橘小实蝇于5月下旬首先在桃子上为害,然后随着杨梅、李子、枣子和柿子等寄主果实的不断成熟进行转移为害,在为害柿子前主要为害芙蓉李和枣子,最后在柿子上为害,且主要在柿园内越冬。橘小实蝇对不同寄主的为害程度不同,落果中有虫果率为3.92 %-57.84 %,其中桃子、李子、枣子和柿子的受害率较高,在柿子上的为害期最长。

Study on the occurrence regulation of Bactrocera dorsalisHendel in the major persimmon producing areas of Guangxi

The purpose of the research was to illuminate the occurrence regulation of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel in the major persimmon producing areas of Gongcheng Yao Autonmous County (Guangxi) and the population dynamics of different host orchards. Methyl eugenol trap was used to monitor the population dynamics of B. dorsalis on different host orchards of the main persimmon producing areas of Guangxi from March 2018 to March 2019. At the same time, 19 kinds of hosts which might be damaged by B. dorsalis were investigated by five-location sampling method in the same area. The results indicated that B. dorsalis could be trapped in the whole year, and the population dynamics were slightly different in the different host orchards. The number of B. dorsalis was very few between early January and early May, began to increase in late May, reached population abundance from late June to early December, and decreased sharply in late December. Overwintered B. dorsalis first damaged peaches in late May, and then transferred to bayberry, plum, jujube and persimmon with their maturation. This pest mainly harmed Furong plum and jujube before damaging persimmon, and overwintered in persimmon orchards. The damage degree of B. dorsalis to different hosts were different. The damage rate ranged from 3.92 % to 57.84 %, and the damage rate of peach, plum, jujube and persimmon were higher, and the damage period on persimmon was the longest.