葡萄炭疽病病原鉴定及防治药剂筛选

采用组织分离法对采自贵阳市花溪区葡萄基地的葡萄炭疽病病样进行分离,致病性测定,结合病原菌形态学特征、rDNA-ITS序列对菌株进行鉴定,并通过菌丝生长抑制法测定了该菌株对7种杀菌剂原药及2组混配药剂的敏感性。结果表明,结合形态学和分子生物学将该菌株鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)；7种原药中丁香菌酯对该菌株生长抑制作用最强,EC50值为0.18 mg/L,其次为苯醚甲环唑和双苯菌胺,EC50值分别为1.18 mg/L和1.34 mg/L；混配组合中,吡唑醚菌酯与苯醚甲环唑8:1混配时,其共毒系数(CTC)为168.69,啶氧菌酯与苯醚甲环唑1:4和8:1混配时,CTC分别为197.21和192.69,协同增效效果显著。引起贵阳市花溪区葡萄基地葡萄炭疽病的致病菌为胶孢炭疽菌。

Identification of pathogen of grape anthracnose and screening of control funguscides in Guizhou Province

The grape anthracnose samples collected from the grape base in Huaxi district of Guiyang city were separated by tissue separation method, and the pathogenicity was determined. The strain was identified by combining the morphological characteristics of the pathogen and the rDNA-ITS sequence, and measured by the hyphae growth inhibition method The sensitivity of this strain to 7 kinds of fungicides and 2 groups of mixed medicines. The results show that the strain was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by the morphology and molecular biology methods. The syringomycin had the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of the strain, with EC50 value of 0.18 mg/L, which followed by difenoconazole and difenoconazole, with EC50 values of 1.18 mg/L and 1.34 mg/L, respectively. For mixed funguscides, when the ratio of pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole was 8:1, their co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was 168.69; when picoxystrobin was mixed with difenoconazole at 1:4 and 8:1, the CTC was 197.21 and 192.69, respectively. The synergistic effect of mixed funguscides was significant. The pathogen causing grape anthracnose in grape bases in Huaxi district of Guiyang city is Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.