不同品种花粉对东试早柚坐果率及果实品质的影响

为了研究不同品种花粉对东试早柚坐果率及果实品质的影响，以东试早柚自交为对照，用泰国金柚、泰国白肉蜜柚花粉对杂交母本东试早柚进行人工授粉试验，观测坐果率及果实品质。结果表明，泰国金柚、泰国白肉蜜柚授粉提高了坐果率和单果重，增大了横径，降低了果基长度、果形指数和果皮厚度。泰国金柚授粉的果实可溶性固形物、还原糖、固酸比显著高于泰国白肉蜜柚授粉和对照；而泰国白肉蜜柚授粉的果实和对照没有明显差异。泰国金柚、泰国白肉蜜柚授粉的果实的可食率、出汁率、完整囊瓣率影响不大。综合各项指标，初步得出用泰国金柚授粉可明显提高坐果率和果实品质，是改良东试早柚果实品质的有效方法之一。

Effect of Different Pollen Cultivars on Fruit-setting Rate and Fruit Quality of Dongshizao Pomelo

To find out the effect of different pollen cultivars on the fruit-setting rate and fruit quality of Dongshizao Pomelo, Thai golden pomelo and Thai white meat honey pomelo were used for pollination to the Dongshizao Pomelo. The Dongshizao pomelo self-pollination as a contrast. Fruit-setting rate and fruit quality were examined. The results showed that the pollination of Thai golden pomelo and Thai white meat honey pomelo to Dongshizao Pomelo increased the fruit setting rate, the weight of individual fruit and the transverse diameter, while the fruit base length, fruit shape index, and peel thickness decreased. Besides, the soluble solids, reducing sugar and solid acid ratio of Dongshizao pomelo fruit pollinated by Thai golden pomelo were significantly higher than those of Thai white meat honey pomelo pollination and self-pollination. There were no significant differences between Thai white meat honey pomelo pollination and self-pollination. Thai golden pomelo and Thai white meat honey pomelo pollination had little influence on the edible rate, juice yield, and intact cyst valve ratio. Based on the various indicators, we preliminarily concluded that Thai golden pomelo pollination to Dongshizao Pomelo can improve the fruit-setting rate and fruit quality, which is one of the effective methods to improve the fruit quality of the Dongshizao Pomelo.