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雨滴撞击植物叶片的运动过程监测装置的研制北大核心CSCD
引用本文:胡凡,石辉,王会霞. 雨滴撞击植物叶片的运动过程监测装置的研制北大核心CSCD[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2022, 43(6): 1110-1119
作者姓名:胡凡  石辉  王会霞
作者单位:西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41771309);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(重点实验室项目)(20JS082)
摘    要:植物对降雨动能的耗散削减是其重要的水土保持机制,然而缺乏相应的观测测量装置,使得对叶片动能的耗散过程认识并不清楚。为了研究植物叶片在雨滴撞击后的运动过程以及叶片运动能量的变化,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)压电薄膜传感器为基础,研制有效检测雨滴撞击之后叶片的运动以及能量耗散测定的装置,对女贞叶片在雨滴击打下的振动进行测量并验证该装置可行性。在对雨滴撞击叶片过程仔细分析研究的基础上,进行监测装置的模块化自主设计,整个监测装置由雨滴发生、叶片运动的监测捕捉和信号的收集处理三个模块组成,其中雨滴发生模块可根据实际情况进行取舍(也可直接测定天然降雨)。薄膜传感系统输出的电压信号包含了雨滴撞击,小水滴飞溅以及薄水层扩散等方面信息。系统输出的电压是背景的几倍到几十倍,电压上峰值和雨滴动能存在明显的线性关系(R^(2)=0.959),信号频域分析发现该系统也能有效捕获连续雨滴撞击树叶的振动信号特征。对于不同动能的雨滴,重复之间的变异系数为<10%的弱变异和10%~100%的中等变异,说明整个装置具有良好的系统稳定性。女贞叶片耗散的能量与雨滴输入能量之间具有明显函数关系,叶片所耗散的动能仅占初始雨滴动能的3%~5%,这可能与没有监测以叶柄扭动、振动的过程有关。该装置可监测雨滴撞击叶片所引起的运动情况和叶片对雨滴动能的耗散特征,有利于深入认识植物对降雨动能耗散的机制。

关 键 词:雨滴撞击  叶片运动  监测装置  能量耗散  土壤侵蚀
收稿时间:2022-05-31
修稿时间:2022-11-03

Development of monitoring device for movement process of raindrops impingement on plant leaves
HU Fan,SHI Hui and WANG Hui-xia. Development of monitoring device for movement process of raindrops impingement on plant leaves[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2022, 43(6): 1110-1119
Authors:HU Fan  SHI Hui  WANG Hui-xia
Abstract:The reduction of energy dissipation of rainfall by plants is an important mechanism of soil and water conservation. However, the process of leaves kinetic energy dissipation is not clearly understood due to the lack of suitable observation and measurement device. In order to research the movement process of plant leaves after the impact of raindrops and the change of motion energy of leaves, based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film sensor, a device was developed to effectively detect the motion and energy dissipation of leaves after raindrop impingement. The vibration of Ligustrum lucidum leaves under raindrop impingement was measured and the feasibility of the device was verified. On the basis of careful analysis and research on the process of raindrops impingement, the modular independent design of the monitoring device is carried out. The entire monitoring device is composed of three modules: raindrop generation, monitoring capture of leaves movement, and signal collection and processing. The raindrop generation module can be selected according to the actual situation (or can directly measure the natural rainfall). The voltage signal output of the thin film sensing system contains information on raindrops impingement, the splashing of small water droplets and the diffusion of thin water layers. The voltage output of the system is several times to tens of times of the background. There is an obvious linear relationship between the peak value of the voltage and the kinetic energy of raindrops (R2=0.959). The signal frequency domain analysis shows that the system can also effectively capture the vibration signal characteristics of the continuous raindrops impingement on the leaves. For raindrops with different kinetic energy, the coefficient of variation between repetitions is a weak variation of <10% and a moderate variation of 10%~100%, indicating that the whole device has good system stability. There is an obvious functional relationship between the energy dissipation by the Ligustrum lucidum leaves and the input energy of the raindrop, and the kinetic energy dissipation by the leaves only accounts for about 3%~5% of the initial raindrop kinetic energy, which may be related to the failure to monitor the process of torsion and vibration of the petiole. The device can monitor the movement caused by raindrops impingement on the leaves and the dissipation characteristics of leaves to raindrops, which is beneficial to further understanding of the kinetic energy dissipation mechanism of effect of plants on rainfall.
Keywords:raindrops impingement   leaf movement   monitoring device   energy dissipation   soil erosion
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