化肥减量配施生物有机肥对香蕉产量及品质的影响

研究化肥减量配施生物有机肥对香蕉产量及品质的影响，以期为香蕉生产提供科学施肥方案。采用单因素完全随机区组试验设计，以目前海南当地宝岛蕉化肥施肥量（N 300g、P2O5 120g、K2O 600g）为常规处理（TK），增设无肥处理（CK），研究化肥减量0%（T1）、20%（T2）、30%（T3）、40%（T4）配施6kg/株生物有机肥对香蕉产量、产量构成因素、品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明，在本试验中，T1~T3处理分别较TK处理产量提高31.98%、26.31%和12.67%，且TI和T2处理间产量无显著差异；分析产量构成因素可知，T2处理较TK处理显著增加果指长4.13%、果指围6.08%、单果重10.89%、收获率15.00个百分点。与TK处理相比，化肥减量配施生物有机肥处理均能显著提高果实糖酸比12.60%~30.84%，化肥减量40%以内能显著提高香蕉果实的可食率、Vc含量，且T2处理显著提高可溶性固形物含量5.50%。就经济效益而言，与TK处理相比，T1、T2处理总利润分别增加83.66%和69.03%、产投比分别提高10.78和12.65个百分点。综上可知，在本试验中，兼顾经济效益和环境效益，化肥减量20%配施6kg/株生物有机肥有利于提高香蕉产量，协调香蕉产量构成各因素，提升香蕉品质和经济效益。

Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer with Bio-organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Banana

The effects of reduced chemical fertilizer with bio-organic fertilizer on yield and quality of banana were studied, in order to provide a scientific fertilization scheme for banana production. The single-factor completely randomized block experiment design was adopted, and the current application amount (N 300g, P2O5 120g, K2O 600g) of chemical fertilizer for banana in Hainan was used as the conventional treatment (TK), and no fertilizer treatment (CK) was added. The effects of 0% (T1), 20% (T2), 30% (T3), 40% (T4) reduction of chemical fertilizer with 6kg/plant of bio-organic fertilizer on yield, yield components, quality and economic benefits. The results showed that in this experiment, the yield of T1-T3 was increased by 31.98%, 26.31%, and 12.67%, respectively, compared with TK. And there was no significant difference in the yields between TI and T2. Analysis of the yield components showed that compared with TK, T2 significantly increased the fruit finger length by 4.13%, the fruit finger circumference by 6.08%, the single fruit weight by 10.89%, and the harvest rate by 15.00 percentage points. Compared with TK, reduced chemical fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer treatment could significantly increase the sugar-acid ratio of fruits by 12.60%~30.84%, and chemical fertilizer reduced within 40% could significantly increase the edible rate and Vc content of banana fruits, and the T2 significantly increased the soluble solid content by 5.50%. In terms of economic benefits, compared with TK, the total profit of T1 and T2respectively increased by 83.66% and 69.03% and the ratio of production to investment increased by 10.78 and 12.65 percentage points, respectively. In summary, in this experiment, taking into account both economic and environmental benefits,chemical fertilizer reduced by 20% and 6kg/plant bio-organic fertilizer per banana is beneficial to increase banana yield, coordinate various factors of banana yield, and improve banana quality and economic benefits.