新烟碱类杀虫剂选择作用的分子机理

新烟碱类是一类重要的新颖杀虫剂,其发现是近20年来杀虫剂研究的一个里程碑。烟碱类和新烟碱类杀虫剂虽然都是作为后突触烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChRs)的激动剂作用于昆虫的神经系统,但由于作用方式不同,新烟碱类杀虫剂对昆虫表现出选择性毒性。根据烟碱类和新烟碱类杀虫剂结构与活性的关系、分子特性以及它们与nAChR的结合部位和亚部位的选择性阐释了新烟碱类杀虫剂选择作用的分子机理。

Molecular Mechanisms for Selective Action of Neonicotinoid Insecticides

The discovery of neonicotinoids as important novel insecticides represents a milestone in insecticide research over the past two decades.Both nicotinoid and neonicotinoid insecticides act on the insect central nervous system as agonists of the postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) but in a different way,the neonicotinoid insecticides exhibit high selective toxicity to insects.The molecular mechanisms for selective action of neonicotinoid insecticides based on the structure-activity relationships,molecular feature of nicotinoids and neonicotinoids,and their binding site and subsite specificity were expounded.