稻田轮作对水稻病、虫、草害的影响

目前南方大部分稻田采用连作耕作制度,并且滥用农药现象严重,这对农田生态环境造成极其不利的影响。为探讨稻田轮作对减轻稻田病、虫、草害的生态作用,本试验以长期水稻连作为对照,根据14年田间定位试验,详细研究了稻田轮作对水稻病、虫、草害的影响。结果表明,稻田轮作在一定程度上能减轻稻田水稻的病虫草害。稻田轮作处理的早稻纹枯病发病率平均比连作处理低10%,病情指数低0.4%;晚稻纹枯病的病株率平均比连作处理低17.7%,病情指数低13.3%。轮作处理的早晚稻稻曲病的病株率和病情指数也都低于连作处理。轮作处理所受虫害比连作处理要轻,轮作稻纵卷叶螟造成的白叶率和二化螟造成的白叶率明显低于连作。轮作处理的杂草生长情况比连作处理弱。

The Effect of Crop Rotation on Rice Diseases, Pests and Weeds in the Paddy-fields

Most of the southern paddy fields currently use continuous cropping system,and pesticides are abused,which caused unfavorable factors on farmland ecology environmental.The field trial was product to discuss crop rotation with good ecological role on reducing disease,pests and weeds,according to the 14 years field location experiments.The results show that paddy field rotation in some extent can reduce disease,pests and weeds.The early maturing rice sheath blight with rotation treatment is 10% lower than continuous cropping treatment on average,the disease index is 0.4% lower the late maturing rice sheath blight with rotation treatment is 17.7% lower than continuous cropping treatment on average,the disease index is 13.3% lower.The disease incidence and disease index of rice false smut with rotation treatment are lower than continuous cropping treatment.The pests with rotation treatment is much lighter than continuous cropping treatment,the white leaf rates of rice with rotation treatment by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Chilo suppressalis are lower than continuous cropping treatment.From the point of view of the growth of weeds,the rotation treatment is weaker than continuous cropping treatment.