红壤旱地棉田间作种植模式对病、虫、草害的影响

本试验研究红壤旱地不同棉田种植模式对病虫草害的影响,为选择合理棉田种植模式,减少农药使用量,保护农田生态环境和促进农业可持续发展。结果表明,间套作种植模式相对单作能有效地减缓棉花枯萎病和黄萎病的发病率和病情指数,明显减轻苗蚜和小地老虎的为害,但是会加重伏蚜、棉叶螨和棉盲蝽的发生,而对四代棉铃虫和斜纹夜蛾的影响不大,能减少杂草发生的种类、杂草的盖度和杂草发生的优势种类。其中棉花间作豇豆较优于其他种植模式,适于红壤旱地推广应用。

Effects of Different Cotton Cropping Patterns on Diseases, Pests and Weeds on Upland Red Soil

Effects of different cotton cropping patterns on diseases,pests and weeds on upland red soil are studied,aiming to choose reasonable cotton cropping pattern,reduce the use of pesticides,protect the farmland ecological environment and promote agricultural sustainable development.The results show that cotton intercropping ecosystem can effectively reduce the disease incidence and disease index of Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt of cotton than the single cropping pattern,and significantly reduce the damage of bud aphids（Aphis gossypii） and Agrotis vpsilon,but can aggravate the occurrence of summer aphid（Aphid gossypii）,Tetranychus urticae and Lygus spp.,while there is little influence to Helicoverpa armigera and Prodenia litura,and reduce the types,cover degree and dominant species of weeds.The cotton-cowpea intercropping is superior to other cropping patterns,and is suitable for upland red soil application.