陕西壳斗科栎属与青冈属主要木材研究

为了了解陕西壳斗科木材的材质和利用价值,采用常规木材解剖方法,对陕西产壳斗科最具代表性的5类木材(栎属的麻栎类、槲栎类、高山栎类、巴东栎类和青冈属的青冈类)的解剖构造进行了研究。结果发现,这5类木材的主要特征为:环孔材或辐射孔材,单管孔,单穿孔为主,导管壁上纹孔互列,具环管管胞和木纤维,薄壁组织呈星散-聚和状和离管带状,同形射线为主,单列或多列;麻栎类和槲栎类木材构造较为接近,均为环孔材,木材结构粗且不均匀,材面具有美丽花纹,是家具、地板和室内装饰的首选木材;高山栎类、巴东栎类和青冈类木材构造较为接近,均为辐射孔材,木材结构略细,材质略均匀,材面花纹不显著,因此在材质要求均匀或花纹无特殊要求时可选用此类木材。

Wood study on Quercus and Cyclobalanopsis of Fagaceae in Shaanxi Province

In order to enhance the value in use of Fagaceae,this paper studied 5 representative varieties' anatomic structures of Quercus Linn and Cyclobalanopsis Oerst from Shaanxi Province by using regular wood anatomic method,namely Quercus variabilis,Quercus aliena,Quercus spinosa,Quercus spathulat and Cyclobalaopsis glauca.Results showed that the wood in general could be characterized by ring or radial porous wood,solitary vessels,simple perforations,opposite pitting of vessel wall,ground tissue of vasicentric tracheid and fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits,parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates and in apotracheal banded,homocellular compound and uniseriate rays;Q.variabilis and Q.aliena were similar in anatomic structures,both were ring porous wood with rough and asymmetry texture,and possessed beautiful grain in face,which could be chiefly used in furniture,floor and indoor decoration;Q.spinosa,Q.spathulata and Cyclobalanopsis glauca were similar in anatomic structures.All of them were radial porous wood with exquisite and uniformity texture.The face grain was not notable.So,we could use Fagaceae wood when the demand of uniformity texture was higher or grain was not specific.