2BFML-5型固定垄免耕播种机设计与试验

针对我国西北地区一年一熟绿洲农业区固定垄保护性耕作缺乏配套播种机具的问题.设计了2BFML-5型固定垄免耕播种机.分析和确定了开沟器、修垄犁等关键部件的结构参数.采用尖角式开沟器.具有较强的破茬碎土能力,并容易实现种肥分施;修垄犁在播种时不仅能对边行有效覆土,而且对垄床起到较好的修复作用.该机能一次完成破茬、开沟施肥、播种、覆土镇压和修垄等项作业.田间试验表明:2BFML-5型固定垄免耕播种机入土能力强,在田间秸秆覆盖量为3 682 kg/hm2条件下有较强的田间通过性能.和传统播种机相比.田间出苗率提高6.25%、产量提高2.7%,较好地满足了西北地区固定垄保护性耕作技术发展的需求.

Design and Experiment on 2BFML-5 No-till Planter for Permanent Raised Bed

According to the problem of lacking suitable planter for permanent raised bed(PRB)in one crop a year oasis agricultural region of northwest China,a 2BFML5 no-till planter for PRB was designed,the parameters of key components for opener,reshaping plough etc.were analyzed and decided.By means of adopting sharp-angle opener,the new planter could cut stubble and break clod,what was more,5 cm of vertical depth difference between seeder and fertilizer could be achieved easily.The reshaping plough could not only cover seeder row effectively,but also reshape the old bed perfectly.The planter could finish stubble cutting,ditching and fertilizing,seeding,covering,compacting and reshaping bed in one pass.Experimental results showed that under straw cover of 3 682 kg/hm2,the planter,which was effective in entering the soil,anti-blocking and increasing emergence rate by 6.25% and yield by 2.7% respectively,could meet the developing requirement of PRB in northwest China.