山西省棉花铃病的主要种类 为害损失及其防治策略的研究

山西省棉花铃病的主要种类为疫病(Phytophthora boehmriae)、红腐病(Fusarium moniliforme)和红粉病(Cephalothecium roceum),其中以棉铃疫病为优势种,在不同栽培方式中地膜田铃病重于露地。Bayes决策分析结果,次生病烂铃群体中67.4～89.1％的病铃来源于初生病铃,尤其是疫病铃。根据显著性检验结果,烂铃在棉株不同果枝上的垂直分布,地膜田可划分为第1～4和第5～7果枝两个层次;露地田可分为第1～2和第3～6果枝两个层次。该项研究明确了初生病菌与次生病菌侵染之间的数量关系及防治上的主要对象和靶区,为铃病的综合防治提供了理论依据。

A Study on the Classification, Damage Loss and Control Strategy for Cotton Boll Rot in Shanxi Province

The classification, damage loss and control strategy were studied for cotton boll rots in Shanxi province. Results showed that the main kinds of cotton boll rots included boll blight (Phytophthora boehmriae), rose rot (Fusarium moniliforme) and pink rot (Cephalothecium roseum), and boll blight was the dominant species. Comparison revealed that boll rot in the film-mulched field was more severe than that in the open field. The results of Bayes decision analysis indicated that 67.4-89.1% of the secondarily-affected boll population originated from the prima'rily-affected bolls, especially those affected by boll blight. Significace tests indicated the vertical distribution of the affected bolls on the branches consisted of 2 strata, i.e. the first to the fourth boll-branch stratum and the 5th to the 7th boll-branch stratum for the film-mulched field, and the first to the second boll-branch stratum and the 3rd to the 6th boll-branch stratum for the open field. The quantitative relationship between the primary and the secondary pathogenetic fungi infections was clarified, and the main objects and target areas were defined for boll rot control. These results provided a theoretical basis for the integrated control of cotton boll rots.