九个黄淮和长江中下游冬麦区的优质冬小麦品种在晋中麦区的生育及品质表现

为拓宽山西优质小麦品种资源,采用田间试验,分秋播(2010年9月28日)和春播(2011年2月28日)两个播种时期,研究了来自黄淮冬麦区和长江中下游冬麦区的9个优质小麦品种在晋中晚熟冬麦区的农艺、产量及品质性状表现。其中黄淮冬麦区品种为烟农19(冬性,强筋)、淮麦18(半冬性,中筋)和宁麦9号(冬性,弱筋),长江中下游冬麦区品种为镇麦168(春性,强筋)、皖麦33(春性,强筋)、宁麦13(春性,弱筋)、扬辐麦2号(春性,弱筋)、扬辐麦4号(春性,弱筋)和扬麦15(春性,弱筋)。结果表明,烟农19和淮麦18在晋中麦区秋播可正常越冬,并获得相当的产量,且烟农19的成穗数和产量高于淮麦18;9个引进小麦品种在晋中麦区春播均可抽穗成熟,但因2010-2011年度秋冬春三季连旱,所有品种在苗期到拔节期受旱,因而均未能获得较高的籽粒产量。烟农19和淮麦18的籽粒产量和品质秋播明显高于或优于春播。总体来看,在晋中麦区,烟农19和淮麦18适宜通过秋播种植加以利用,扬辐麦2号、宁麦9号有望通过春播种植加以利用。

Development Behavior and Quality Properties of Nine Winter Wheat Varieties from the Yellow-Huai River and Yangtse River Middle-Downstream Winter Wheat Zone in Jinzhong

In order to develop high quality wheat variety resources for Shanxi,the development behaviors,grain yields and quality properties of 9 winter wheat varieties (from the Yellow-Huai River and Yangtse River Middle-Downstream winter wheat zone) were investigated in the field experiment in Jinzhong late-mature winter wheat zone,which were sowed in September 28,2010 (autumn) and in February 28,2011 (spring). These varieties were Yannong 19 (winter,high-gluten),Huaimai 18 (half-winter,middle-gluten),Ningmai 9 (spring,low-gluten),Zhenmai 168 (spring,high-gluten),Wanmai 33 (spring,high-gluten),Ningmai 13 (spring,low-gluten),Yangfumai 2 (spring,low-gluten),Yangfumai 4 (spring,low-gluten),and Yangmai 15 (spring,low-gluten),respectively,which were introduced from Yangzhou University. Yannong 19,Huaimai 18 and Ningmai 9 were from the Yellow-Huai River winter wheat zone.The other 6 varieties were from the Yangtse River Middle-Downstream winter wheat zone. In the experiment of sowing in autumn,Shannong 129,which was breed by Shanxi Agricultural University,was used as the control variety (CK). This experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of Shanxi Agricultural University. After harvested,grain qualities of wheat varieties obtained in Jinzhong were determined and compared with the original. The results showed that: (1) Yannong 19 and Huaimai 18 could pass the winter with higher grain yields,and Yannong 19 had more ears and higher grain yields than Huaimai 18. (2) All of 9 introduced wheat varieties could be heading and mature in Jinzhong,but they could not achieve higher grain yields because of suffering serious drought at seedling and jointing stages (it did not rain from autumn to spring in Jinzhong in the year of 2010-2011). According to their yields,Ningmai 9,Yangfumai 2 and Huaimai 18 could be utilized by sown in spring in Jinzhong. (3) Grain yields and qualities of Yannong 19 and Huaimai 18 sown in autumn were significantly better than in spring,and their grain qualities also were better than the original. Above all,Yannong 19 and Huaimai 18 could be utilized by sown in autumn,Ningmai 9 and Yangfumai 2 could be utilized by sown in spring in Jinzhong,but it still should be studied further.