小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性遗传分析及交互抗性研究

利用室内选育的抗阿维菌素小菜蛾品系和敏感品系分析了小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性遗传。结果表明,小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性为常染色体、不完全隐性遗传,而且可能是由多基因控制的抗性遗传。阿维菌素抗性品系对4 种杀虫剂的抗性谱测定结果表明,对马拉硫磷、溴氰菊酯、灭多威和农梦特无交互抗性。

Genetic analysis and cross resistance of Plutella xylostella to avermectins

The inheritance mode of resistance to avermectins (AVMs) in diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) was evaluated from log dosage probit mortality curves constructed from the response of DBM larvae to AVMs treatment. The insects used for the study were taken from laboratory selected resistant and laboratory reared susceptible strains. The results of genetic analysis indicated that the resistance of DBM to AVMs was autosomal,incompletely recessive,and probably polygenic. The sensitivities of AVMs resistant strains to 4 insecticides had been tested. The results showed that it was no cross resistance on the resistant strain to malathion, deltamethrin, methomyl and teflubenzuron. Key works Plutella xylostlla, avermectins, resistance inberitance, cross resistance, population fitnessfits from such a local supply of electicity (e.g. for food storage and communications), are great. Future increases in conversion efficiency of gasifiers may come from the use of metal alloy catalysts and hydrolytic enzymes. Conversion of biomass by pyrolysis has the advantage that the major product (pyrolytic oil - PO) can be stored and transported, so that its production can be separated both in space and time from the generation of electricity or heat. The production of PO can take place in remote areas where biomass is abundant and at low or negative cost (where the fuel is a waste material) and then transported to industrial or residential sites. Pyrolysis can also give rise to chemicals with high added value for use by, e.g. the food, pharmaceutical and textile industries, or as insecticides and herbicides. In USA, Canada, Sweden and Finland successful applications of Pyrolysis technology with CHP produce heat and electricity for domestic use as well as fermentable sugars for the production of ethanol, with high efficiency (e.g. 45% using the Integrated Pyrocycling Combined Process). Heat for the pyrolysis process is supplied by the system itself, requiring no external source of energy. Biomass fuel for pyrolysis needs to be dried to avoid water contaminating the PO product and the fuel must be finely chopped to enable a short retention time. As with gasification, future developments using metal alloys and hydrolytic enzymes may increase the quantity and quality of PO in this rapidly developing technology. Whereas combustion and gasification technologies are well advanced and their range of applications is expanding fast, pyrolysis is, as yet, under development. Demonstration systems have already shown a promising future in many fields, with potential for small scale production units in remote areas. Efficient utilisation of biomass resources will depend on further improvements of the conversion technologies and reduction in costs, as well as on the policies of national governments. Direct support for research on biomass technologies and in the form of tax concessions, price subsidies for bioenergy and other products from biomass will be crucial to the development and promotion of clean, efficient and convenient biomass derived energy.