兴隆山自然保护区华北珍珠梅物候期对水热条件的响应

华北珍珠梅(Sorbaria kirilowii)为蔷薇科珍珠梅属植物,具有抗病虫害等生态价值,是兴隆山自然保护区内主要的灌木种。本研究通过对甘肃省兴隆山国家级自然保护区内华北珍珠梅2004-2007年及2012-2015年9种物候特征的观察,分析了华北珍珠梅各物候期的变化趋势以及各物候期与月平均气温和月降水量的相关关系。结果表明,华北珍珠梅的春季物候期多数呈现推迟趋势,而秋季物候期主要呈现提前趋势,整个生长季的时间每年缩短达15.49d。华北珍珠梅物候期的变化趋势与月平均气温和月降水量具有密切的相关关系,其中开花期和果实膨大期与4月份的平均气温间呈显著的负相关关系(P0.05),发芽期与2月份降水量,抽枝期与5月份降水量以及果实膨大期与7月份降水量均呈显著负相关关系(P0.05),而果实成熟期与10月份降水量呈显著的正相关关系(P0.05)。因此,受水热条件影响的华北珍珠梅生长季的缩短不仅会降低其生长繁殖,也会减少灌木层的郁闭度,不利于生活在灌木层的动物,如濒危物种马麝(Moschus sifanicus)等的栖息。

The response to hydrothermal condition of Sorbaria kirilowii in Xinglongshan Natural Reserve

Sorbaria kirilowii belongs to Rosaceae,with obvious ecological value such as resistant to diseases and insects,which is also a main shrub species in Xinglongshan Natural Reserve.Through two periods,2004-2007 and 2012-2015,nine types phenologic phase of S.kirilowii in Xinglongshan National Natural Reserve were observed to analyze the change tendency of phenologic phase of S.kirilowii and explore the relationships of phenologic phase to monthly mean temperature and precipitation.The results indicated that most Spring phenologic phases for S.kirilowii showed a trend of delay but an advanced trend of Autumn phenologic pha-ses,which caused the decrease of growth period,as much as 15.49 d?a-1 .The trend of phenologic phases could be resulted from the phonologic phases of S.kirilowii correlated significantly with monthly mean tem-perature and precipitation.The blooming and fruit expansion periods are significantly negative correlated with mean temperature of April.There are significantly negative correlations between budding period and the precip-itation of February,branching and the precipitation of May,fruit expansion period and the precipitation of Ju-ly,while there is significantly positive correlation between fruit ripe period and the precipitation of October. Growth decrease caused by regional climate change influence not only propagation,but brush canopy density, which against animals living,such as Moschus sifanicus.