基于旋流原理的固液分离设备及性能研究

根据水力相似原理,结合旋流沉砂池设计规律,建立了旋流固液分离设备模型,选择4个影响因素,采用单因素和正交试验,分析不同粒径的含砂水流时砂粒分离效率的变化,探讨沉砂分离效率主要影响因素及沉砂池设计最佳水平取值。结果表明,水头增大使分离效率增加,但过大的水头会使分离效率降低;流入口直径较小时分离效率较高;底流口直径增大使分离效率增加;底流管长度增大使分离效率增加。影响100目砂分离效率的各因素主次顺序及最佳水平为底流口直径30 mm、底流管长度45 cm、水头35 cm、流入口直径40 mm;影响30目砂分离效率的各因素主次顺序及最佳水平为水头60 cm,流入口直径40 mm,底流口直径30 mm,底流管长度30 cm。在各因素最佳水平下,100目砂的最佳分离效率为82.14%,30目砂的最佳分离效率为83.55%。试验结果为小型污水处理中的沉砂池设计与使用提供参考。

Hydrocyclone-based solid-liquid separation equipment and separating performance

According to the hydraulic similarity theory and combined the design of a rotation flow girt chamber, a solid-liquid separation equipment model was developed with four factors, which were diameter for outlet, long for outlet pipe, water head, and diameter for inlet, influencing the efficiency of grit removal. By applying the single factor and orthogonal experiments, the importance and the optimal condition of four factors under different sand particle size conditions were studied. Results showed that the increasing water head improved the efficiency of grit removal, but large water head reduced the efficiency. Small diameters of the inlet improved the efficiency of grit removal, while large diameters of the outlet improved the efficiency of grit removal. In addition, long outlet pipe also improved the efficiency of grit removal. The optimal conditions of four factors for the 100 mesh sand were as follows: 30 mm diameter for the outlet, 45 cm long for the outlet pipe, 35 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet. The optimal conditions of fours factors for 30 mesh sand were as follows: 60 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet, 30 mm diameter for the outlet, and 30 cm long for the outlet pipe. Under the optimal condition of 4 factors, the efficiency of grit removal in 100 mesh sand was 82.14%, and 83.55% for 130 mesh sand. Our findings may provide valuable references for the design of grit chamber for the small-scale sewage treatment.