节瓜抗镰刀菌酸突变体的筛选和特性研究

枯萎病是节瓜的主要病害之一。为了创新节瓜抗枯萎病资源，利用枯萎病毒素镰刀菌酸（FA）为胁迫剂，以节瓜不定芽为筛选材料，进行了节瓜抗镰刀菌酸变异体离体筛选研究。试验结果表明，FA胁迫的适宜浓度为60~80mg•L-1。筛选出的抗性细胞系继代培养后仍保持对FA抗性，其再生植株的R1、R3代株系对节瓜枯萎病的抗性可以达到中抗至抗病级；与供体材料相比，再生系后代株系除枯萎病抗性增强外，其他主要农艺性状没有明显变化。表明利用抗FA细胞系离体筛选技术改良和创新节瓜抗枯萎病材料是可行的。

Studies on the Somaclonal Variants with Resistance to Fusaric Acid in Chieh-qua (Benincasa Hispida Cogn.var.Chieh-qua How.)

Fusarium wilt was one of the main diseases of Chieh-qua. For exploiting resistant germplasm, somaclonal variants were selected from adventitious buds by means of in vitro selection using fusarica acid (FA) as the selective agent. Then main traits of the somaclonal variants were studied. The result showed that the suitable concentration of FA for resistance selection was 60~80mg•L-1. The selected-colonies kept resistance to FA during subculture. The R1 and R3 lines from selected-colonies were resistant to fusarium wilt which resistance level were R and MR respectively. These progeny lines were similar to donor material in main agronomic traits except the resistance to fusarium wilt. The result showed that selection in vitro for Resistance to FA was one of optional methods for obtaining the resistance germplasm to fusarium wilt in Chieh-qua.