六种杀菌剂对柑橘炭疽病菌的室内毒力和田间防治效果

为了筛选高效、低毒、无公害的防治柑橘炭疽病（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.）的杀菌剂，采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定了吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、唑醚·代森联、甲基硫菌灵和丙森锌对柑橘炭疽病菌的室内毒力。室内测定结果表明：6种杀菌剂对柑橘炭疽病菌菌丝抑制的有效中浓度（EC50）分别为081，258，0066，497，1 55515和23798 μg·mL-1，吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺和唑醚·代森联对该病孢子萌发EC50分别为093，1434，447和529 μg·mL-1。田间试验结果表明：嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、丙森锌和唑醚·代森联在试验剂量下对炭疽病的防效在95％以上。综合室内外试验结果得知，嘧菌酯、咪鲜胺、丙森锌和唑醚·代森联是防治柑橘炭疽病的有效药剂。

In vitro toxicity and field control effect of six fungicides to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing citrus anthracnose

In order to obtain fungicides with high efficiency， low toxicity， and less pollution in controlling citrus anthracnose， which caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.， the toxicity of pyraclostrobin， azoxystrobin， prochloraz， pyraclostrobin·me\|tiram， thiophanate\|methyl and iprovalicarb to a strain of C. gloeosporioides was respectively tested by mycelium growth rate and spore germination. The results showed that the effective dose to reduce mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides by 50% （EC50 values） were 081， 258， 0066， 497， 155515 and 23798 μg·mL-1， whereas the EC50 values of spore germination to pyraclostrobin， azoxystrobin， prochloraz and pyraclostrobin·me\|tiram were 093， 1434， 447 and 529 μg·mL-1. Field experiments showed that 95% of above citrus anthracnose could be inhibited by azoxystrobin， prochloraz， iprovalicarb and pyraclostrobin·me\|tiram with the recommended concentrations on citrus anthracnose. Conclusively， azoxystrobin， prochloraz， iprovalicarb and pyraclostrobin·me\|tiram are effective in controlling citrus anthracnose.