马尾松优良种源对磷肥的生长反应和肥效持续性

利用闽西地区缺磷立地上的10年生马尾松种源与磷肥交互作用试验林,研究优良种源施用磷肥10年内的生长反应特性和肥效持续性差异.结果表明:5个马尾松优良种源对施用磷肥的生长反应差异显著,进一步证实广东信宜和福建武平是2个耐低磷优良种源,而广西岑溪种源早期生长对磷肥敏感而后期敏感性较小,广东高州和江西崇义2种源在造林头几年的磷肥效应主要体现在树高生长上,10年生时则体现在胸径和材积生长上,应依据种源对磷肥生长反应特性差异科学施用磷肥.各参试种源的肥效大小有异,但都较为明显且持续时间较长.较之树高生长,径生长的肥效高、持续稳定,而高磷处理的肥效大于中磷处理,意味着施用磷肥与应用良种一样皆是营造马尾松速生丰产用材林的重要技术途径.种源与磷肥交互效应虽然在生长早期显著,但在进入快速生长期后则未显现,说明施用磷肥不会改变种源间的相对生长表现.施用磷肥能促进种源间树高生长的分化,但径生长的种源分化却明显减弱.施用磷肥能显著降低各种源林分内个体生长的异质性.

Growth Response of Superior Provenance of Masson Pine to Phosphorus Supply and Persistence of Phosphorus Effect

A provenance-by-phosphorus-interaction trial of Masson Pine at infertile site with phosphorus deficiency located the west of Fujian at age 10 was used to investigate the growth response characteristic of superior provenances to fertilizer supply and persistence of phosphorus effect. Significant differences in growth response to phosphorous fertilizer among five provenances were detected, providing sufficient evidence that both Xinyi, GD and Wuping, FJ were excellent provenances with tolerance of low phosphorus, while Cenxi, GX was sensitive to phosphorus in the early growth stage and less sensitive in later stage. For Gaozhou, GD and Chongyi, JX, phosphorus effect for height growth was marked in early stage, while phosphorus effect for DBH and volume was significant at age ten. Thus, appropriate scheme of fertilizer application ought to be arranged according to the growth responses differences to phosphorus between provenances. Phosphorous effect was found to be varied with provenances tested, but to be obvious and last for a long period for all the provenances. Compared to height growth, the influence of phosphorus to DBH was greater and more permanent. Result showed the effect of high phosphorus supply was greater than low supply, indicating that phosphorus supply was an effective method just as breeding in high-yield plantation establishment of Masson Pine. The experiment showed that provenance by phosphorus interaction was significant in early age and absent at later growth stage, implying that relative growth performance of provenances tested was not influenced by phosphorous supply. Though tree height differentiation among provenances was increased by phosphorous supply, the influence to differentiation of DBH was small. Further, individual growth heterogeneity within provenances were markedly reduced by phosphorous supply.