农药对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响

为了研究农药对土壤微生物及酶活性的影响和各指标间的相关性。研究5种农药(深蓝、克菌宝、活根菌灭、施净、巧能)对土壤真菌、细菌、放线菌以及土壤中脲酶、脱氢酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶活性的影响。农药使土壤微生物在组成多样性上发生了明显变化,农药对微生物的影响为细菌>放线菌>真菌。施净、深蓝、巧能和活根菌灭对蔗糖酶活性的抑制率在30.30%~21.21%,巧能和施净对脲酶活性的抑制率达37.67%,深蓝和施净对蛋白酶活性的抑制率分别为27.27%和18.18%,施净、深蓝、巧能和活根菌灭对磷酸酶活性的抑制率在22.12%~3.54%,均达到了显著水平。脱氢酶对5种农药均不敏感。各指标间存在一定的相关性。

Effect of the Pesticide on Soil Microbe and Enzyme Activity

The purpose of the study was to research the effect of pesticides on the soil microbe and enzyme activity and correlation among various indexes.The effects of five pesticides(zineb,copforce,carbendazim,mancozeb and hymexazol) on soil fungi,bacteria,antinomy and soil urease,dehydrogenase,invertase and phosphates activities were studied.The pesticides caused the obvious change on composition diversity in soil microbes.The effects of pesticides on the soil microbes were bacteria > antinomies > fungus.The invertase active suppression rates by mancozeb,zineb,hymexazol and carbendazim were 30.30% ～ 21.21%,the urease activity suppression rates by hymexazol and mancozeb were up to 37.67%,the protease activity suppression rates by zineb and mancozeb were 27.27% and 18.18% respectively and the phosphates activity suppression rates by mancozeb,zineb,hymexazol and carbendazim were 22.12% ～ 3.54%.They all reached remarkable level.The dehydrogenase was insensitive to the 5 pesticides.There was some correlation among various indexes.