吉林省水土流失遥感调查与分析

以TM数字影像为信息基础,采用人机交互判读的分析方法,对吉林省水土流失状况进行遥感调查,并对调查结果进行全面深入的分析,揭示了吉林省不同类型水土流失特点:吉林省水土流失面积31 519.6 km2,分为水蚀和风蚀2种类型。水蚀主要分布在吉林省中东部地区,侵蚀强度由中部到东部逐渐减弱;风蚀主要分布在吉林省西部地区,侵蚀强度由西南向东北逐渐减弱。通过1985,1995,2000年3次遥感调查数据对比分析,吉林省水土流失面积总体呈下降趋势,但发展极不均匀,强度侵蚀面积下降速度快,中轻度侵蚀面积下降速度慢;水蚀面积下降速度快,风蚀面积下降速度慢,而且风蚀范围自西向东有逐渐发展的趋势。

Remote Sensing Investigation and Analysis of Soil and Water Losses in Jilin Province

On the basis of TM digit image,using the analytic method of man-computer interactive,we carried out the Remote Sensing investigation of soil and water losses in Jilin province and analyzed fully and thoroughly the whole investigation consequence in order to reveal the characteristics of soil and water losses in Jilin province.The results showed that the area of soil and water losses in Jilin province adds up to 31 519.6 km2 and soil erosion in this area is under two categories-water erosion and wind erosion.Water erosion distributes everywhere in the middle east region of Jilin province and the intensity weakened gradually from the middle to the east region;wind erosion mainly distributes in the west region of Jilin province and the intensity weakened from the southwest to the northeast.Through contrastive analysis of the data of the three Remote Sensing investigations respectively done in 1985,1995 and 2000,the area of soil and water losses in Jilin province totally takes on a descent tendency,but the development is unbalanced.The area of strong intensity erosion descends quickly but the area of moderate intensity descends slowly.The area of water erosion descends quickly but the area of wind erosion descends very slowly;furthermore,the range of wind erosion has an expanding tendency from the west to the east.