温室黄瓜产量和土壤微生物随土壤水分的变化特征

在日光温室盆栽条件下，研究了土壤含水量对黄瓜产量和土壤微生物数量的影响，结果表明：(1)初花期，土壤水分为田间持水量80%~90%的处理土壤细菌数量最多，土壤水分为田间持水量70%~80%的处理和90%~100%的处理土壤细菌数量少，且二者差异不大，黄瓜初瓜期和盛瓜期当从土壤水分低变高时细菌数量增加，相反细菌数量减少，黄瓜生育后期当土壤水分从高变低时细菌数量增加，水分稳定不变或从高变为中等水平或从低变为中等水平时细菌数量减少。土壤真菌数量在土壤水分含量低时和土壤水分相对稳定的情况下增加，相反减少。土壤放线菌在黄瓜初花期和初瓜期各处理数量差异不大，盛瓜期各处理土壤放线菌的数量增加，生育后期多数处理土壤放线菌的数量有所下降。（2）初花期和初瓜期土壤水分为田间持水量的80%~90%、盛瓜期90%~100%、生育后期90%~100%的处理产量最高，为389.65g/株，比整个生育期低水、中水和高水的处理分别增产27.74%、18.21%、12.51%。

Change Character of Soil Moisture on Soil Microbe and Cucumber Yield in Greenhouse

The pot experiment was conducted on the effect of soil moisture on yield of cucumber and soil microbe in a greenhouse. The results show: (1) The number of soil microbe is different in the treatment of soil moisture of cucumber. The number of bacterial in soil is the highest when soil moisture is 80%~90% field water capacity in florescent stage. The number of bacterial in soil increases when soil moisture is from low to high and decreases when soil moisture is from high to low in early-fruit stage and fruit stage. The number of bacterial in soil increases when soil moisture is from low to high and decreases when soil moisture is stable or from high to middle or from low to middle in early-fruit stage and fruit stage. The number of fungi in soil increases when soil moisture is stable or low and decreases when soil moisture is not stable or high. The number of actinomycete in soil is fewer difference in florescent stage and early-fruit stage. The number of actinomycete in soil increases in fruit stage and decreases in late-fruit stage. (2) The yield of cucumber is the highest by 389.65g / plant when soil relative moisture is 80%~90% field water capacity in florescent stage and early-fruit stage, 90%~100% field water capacity in fruit stage and 70%~80% field water capacity in late-fruit stage. Its increased yield is 27.74%、18.21%、12.51% than 70%~80% field water capacity and 80%~90% field water capacity and 90%~100% field water capacity in procreation stage.