Plant tissue culture of Secale: A review

Summary Plant tissue culture of rye employs different parts of plant bodies originating from various stages of rye ontogenesis. For the culture initiation mainly diploid and after that tetraploid forms were used, however, haploids and triploids were subject of investigation. The development of plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis required the using of numerous basal media with various plant growth hormones. Haploidization appeared to be the most difficult problem and only interspecies hybridization helped to overcome this problem. Wide sexual intergenera and interspecies hybridization in cereals require the development of proembryo and immature embryo culture system. Using the nurse culture basing on immature endosperm resulted in getting fully formed rye plants. There is no progress in somatic cell genetic manipulation of rye because of lack of plant regeneration system in mesophyll green leaf and suspension protoplast cultures.Abbreviations 2, 4, 5, Cl₃POP... 2, 4, 5-Cl₃-phenoxypropionic acid, dicamba...-3, 6-dichloroasinic acid - GA₃... gibberellic acid - BA... benzyladenine - IBA... 3-indolebutric acid - IAA... indoleacetic acid - NAA... 1-naphtylacetic acid - 2, 4-D... 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - 2, 4, 5-T... 2, 4, 5-trichloroacetic acid - p-CPA... parachlorophenoxyacetic acid - CM... coconut milk - CW... deproteined coconut milk - Kin Kinetin