烟草染色体倍性快速鉴定方法

摘要: 对两个杂交组合(G28 × NC2326和K326 × Coker176) F1烟草 (Nicotiana tabacum) 花药培养诱导出763个不同倍性植株。基于植株的花和种子结实率常规鉴定倍性水平比较，用气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目预测植株倍性准确率达93.52%。表明采用气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数法可以在苗期快速、准确地确定植株染色体倍性。同时, 在移栽前间接地鉴定、筛选出叶绿体数<14的单倍体苗，作进一步秋水仙碱加倍处理，以减少对单倍体材料的浪费，加快DH群体构建速度。

Rapid Determination of Ploidy Level of Chromosome in Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)

Abstract: The ploidy level of 763 anthers deirived from both crosses (G28×NC2326 and K326×Coker176) of tobbaco (Nicotiana tabacum) were determined. The result of identification by counting the number of stoma chloroplast in guard cell was consistent with those observations of flower and seed fertillity of the plants, with the average accurate rate of 93.52%, showing that measurement of the number of stoma chloroplast in guard cell could be considered as a fast and accurate method to determine haploid, diploid or poly-ploid of tobacco in the seedling stage. In order to reduce the waste of haploid plants and speed up establishment DH population, it was feasible to select out undoubted haploid plants with <14 chloroplast number in stoma treated with colchicine when young plantlets just transplanted in the field.