上海海岸带演变及生态系统服务价值变化研究

为了开展上海海岸带演变及生态系统服务价值（Ecosystem service value ESV）变化研究，实验基于1990、2000、2010和2020年Landsat遥感影像数据，分析上海海岸带岸线长度变化特征；结合Globe Land30的数据，利用空间分析，开展1990—2000年，2000—2010年、2010—2020年三个时期内土地变化和土地转移研究；在此基础上，构建上海海岸带ESV模型，厘清2000—2020年上海海岸带ESV时空变化特征。结果表明：1990—2020年间，受人类活动和自然因素影响，上海大陆岸线呈先增加后缓慢减小到增加的变化趋势，崇明岛岸线减少，长兴岛和横沙岛岸线长度增加。同时，由于人类活动强度和沿海工程力度加大，海岸带土地利用面积变化显著，耕地和建设用地增多。此外，由于土地扩建，研究期间上海海岸带呈ESV增加趋势，但其湿地ESV在2010—2020间下降28.59%。就空间分布而言，上海海岸带ESV从中高值区域逐渐向低和极低区域转变，到2020年，单位面积ESV极高地区已基本消失。城市进程中建设用地的开发和沿海湿地生态系统的减少是造成上海海岸带ESV变化的主要原因。本研究可为服务上海市指导海岸带环境管理以及可持续发展提供科学依据和决策支持。

Study on coastal zone evolution and Ecosystem service value change in Shanghai

In order to carry out the study on the evolution of Shanghai coastal zone and the change of ecosystem service value , the experiment analyzed the characteristics of shoreline length change in Shanghai coastal zone based on Landsat remote sensing image data in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020; combined with the data of Globe Land30, using spatial analysis, the Conduct a study on land change and land transfer in three periods from 1990-2000, 2000-2010 and 2010-2020; on this basis, construct an ESV model of Shanghai coastal zone to clarify the 2000-2020 On the basis of this study, the ESV model of Shanghai coastal zone was constructed to clarify the spatial and temporal characteristics of ESV in Shanghai coastal zone from 2000 to 2020. The results show that, between 1990 and 2020, the shoreline of Shanghai mainland shows a trend of increasing and then slowly decreasing to increasing due to human activities and natural factors, with the shoreline of Chongming Island decreasing and the shoreline length of Changxing Island and Hengsha Island increasing. Meanwhile, due to the intensity of human activities and increased coastal engineering, the land use area of the coastal zone changed significantly, with an increase in arable land and construction land. In addition, due to land expansion, the Shanghai coastal zone showed an increasing trend of ESV during the study period, but its wetland ESV decreased by 28.59% between 2010 and 2020. In terms of spatial distribution, the ESV of Shanghai coastal zone gradually shifted from medium to high value areas to low and very low areas, and by 2020, areas with very high ESV per unit area had largely disappeared. The development of construction land in urban process and the reduction of coastal wetland ecosystem are the main reasons for the change of ESV in Shanghai coastal zone. This study can provide scientific basis and decision support to serve Shanghai to guide the environmental management of coastal zone as well as sustainable development.