| Abstract: | Growing of vegetables and ornamentals in the open or as protected crops all the year round is a factor responsible for changes in the biology and ecology of some insects and mites, which can be summarized as follows: (1) the life cycle closes and development occurs all the year round; (2) pests adapt and new strains and populations appear (anholocyclic forms of Aphis naslurtii on capsicum; (3) northwards movement of distribution limits (Peridroma saucia, Chrysodeixis chalcites, Aculops lycopersici, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Empoasca decipiens); (4)indifferent organisms become pests (Udea ferrugalis). From this point of view, the idea of a new pest must be given a wider interpretation. Details are given on P. latus, E. decipiens, U. ferrugalis and C. chalcites and their control. The following treatments are suitable for IPM programmes: seedling treatment with the systemic insecticide oxamyl, spraying with Thiozol 80 (a.i. 80% wettable sulphur) and Morestan (a.i. 25% quinomethionate) against P. latus; use of light traps and electric killers against Lepidoptera and spraying with Lepidocide (Bacillus thuringzensis) against caterpillars. |
