拔节至大喇叭口期高温胁迫对夏玉米穗粒形状的影响

以漯玉16等11个玉米杂交种为研究材料,在拔节至大喇叭口期通过智能温室模拟高温环境进行处理,对穗长、穗粗、子粒体积指标(粒长、粒宽和粒厚)、穗粒体积指标(穗周粒宽和有效穗长)和穗粒重进行分析,综合评价夏玉米拔节至大喇叭口期的耐高温能力。结果表明,拔节至大喇叭口期高温胁迫导致夏玉米的雌穗发育受阻,穗长变短、穗粗变细,子粒长度变短,有效穗长度和穗周粒宽度变小,穗粒体积变小,穗粒重下降。综合子粒体积指标(穗长和穗粗)和穗粒体积指标(穗周粒宽和有效穗长)的耐高温系数构成的隶属函数值,试验品种拔节至大喇叭口期的耐高温能力由强到弱依次为漯玉16、漯玉197、绿源9号、郑单958、漯玉172、漯玉18、漯玉19、漯玉186、先玉335、漯玉171、漯玉182。

Effects of High Temperature Stress on Ear and Grain Morphology of Summer Maize during Jointing to Big Trumpet Stage

Eleven maize hybrids, including Luoyu 16, were analyzed by simulating high temperature environment in intelligent greenhouse during jointing to big trumpet stage. The analysis of ear length, ear diameter, grain volume(grain length, grain width and grain thickness),ear grain volume(grain width around ear and ear row grain thickness) and grain weight per ear was carried out to comprehensively evaluate the high temperature tolerance of summer maize hybrids during jointing to big trumpet stage. The results showed that the ear development of summer maize was hindered, the ear length and the grain length became shorter, the ear diameter became thinner, the row grain thickness, the grain width around the ear and the grain volume became smaller, and grain weight per ear decreased under the high temperature stress during jointing to big trumpet stage. According to the subordinate function value of high temperature tolerance coefficient by ear index(ear length and ear diameter) and ear grain volume index(grain length, grain width around ear and ear row grain thickness), the high temperature tolerance ability of the tested varieties during jointing to big trumpet stage in order of strength to weakness were Luoyu 16, Luoyu197, Luyuan 9, Zhengdan958, Luoyu172, Luoyu 18, Luoyu 19, Luoyu186, Xianyu335, Luoyu171 and Luoyu182.