我国大豆胞囊线虫生理分化动态的鉴定和监测研究

 1994~1995年,对采自我国5省市(区)17个县(市)和其中4个多年重茬种植抗病品种开始感病地区的26个大豆胞囊线虫居群,在国际统一的鉴别品种上进行了生理小种鉴定。共鉴定出1~6个小种。其中6号小种当时为国内新记录;并扩大了1号、2号、3号、5号小种在国内的已知分布范围,生理小种1号在黑龙江、2号在内蒙古、3号在江苏、5号在山东,均为各该省(区)的新记录。而全国则仍以1,3,4号小种分布广,为主要致害小种。还明确监测出近年来在4个重要病区出现的大豆抗病品种持续连作重茬后失抗感病是各自的大豆胞囊线虫生理小种发生变异所致;而连作感病品种却仍为各自的原小种,只是病情加重;由之看出其病地重茬的危害具有两重性。

STUDIES ON IDENTIFICATION AND MONITORING OF PHYSIOLOGIC VARIATION OF Heterodera glycines IN CHINA

Twenty six populations of Heterodera glycines were isolated from seventeen counties (cities) in five provinces (included one city and one district) in China,included four continuous cultural locations,in which resistant soybean varieties had gradually been infected by H.glycines in recent years. They were tested on standard soybean race differential host in 1994-1995. Results showed that a total of 6 variants classified as races 1-6 were found, including five races described previously (but their distributive areas were wider than before) and one race (No.6) was newly discovered in China. In addition, they were reported for the first time, as race 1 in Heilongjiang Province, race 2 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, race 3 in Jiangsu Province and race 5 in Shandong Province. However, races 1, 3, 4 distributed widely and were still principal races in China.The resistant soybean varieties in four continuous cultu ral locations were infected by the rising new race, however the susceptible soybean cultivars in each same location were seriously infected by the original race. By this, the duality of the di sease damages on replanted crop in diseased area was discovered.