人工浮床栽培植物的生长与功能研究

目的]为推广人工浮床栽培技术提供理论基础。方法]以芦苇、美人蕉、牛筋草、香蒲、水稻等为供试植物,采用人工浮床栽培技术研究供试植物的生长状况及其对水体的影响。结果]美人蕉、水蕹菜、牛筋草、香蒲、芦苇、荻、水稻的成活率和生长量都较高,适宜采用人工浮床栽培。浮床栽培美人蕉与水稻的叶绿素含量分别为2.372和1.212 mg/g,浮床栽培水芋头与水稻的根系活力分别为154.25和138.56μg/(g.h),均与旱地栽培差异不显著。水稻和芦苇对水体的净化效果较好,其氮磷吸收量分别为118.70、11.06和214.29、17.69g/m2。结论]水稻和美人蕉在浮床栽培条件下生长良好,浮床栽培植物可通过抑制水体富营养化等途径抑制藻类的繁殖。

Study on the Growth and Function of Plants Cultivated on Artificial Floating Bed

Objective] The purpose was to supply theoretical foundation for popularizing artificial floating bed cultivation technology.Method] With reed,canna,goosegrass,cattail,rice,and etc as tested plants,the artificial floating raft cultivation technology was used to study the growth status of tested plants and their influences on water body.Result] The survival rates and growth increments of canna,Ipomoea aquatica,goosegrass,cattail,reed,Miscanthus sacchariflorus and rice were higher.It was suitable for them to be cultivated on artificial floating bed.The chlorophyll contents in canna and rice cultivated on the floating bed were 2.372 and 1.212 mg/g resp.and the root vitalities of Colocasia esculenta and rice cultivated on the floating bed were 154.25 and 138.56 μg/(g·h) resp.,all of them were not significantly different from that in the same plant cultivated on land.Rice and reed had better purifying effect on water body and their nitrogen and phosphorous uptakes were 118.70,11.06 and 214.29,17.69 g/m2 resp.Conclusion] Rice and canna cultivated on floating bed grow well.The plants cultivated on floating bed could inhibit the propagation of alga through inhibiting the enrichment of water body and so on.