玉米根系原位固土力学特性研究*

 通过采用自制的剪切箱和锚杆拉力计对玉米（云瑞8号，Zea mays.L）根系在10cm和20cm两个深度上和空地样方的固土能力进行了原位测定比较。结果表明，施加相同载荷时，两种深度空地样方位移大于有根玉米样方；20cm深度样方位移为4个样方中最小。作物扎根越深，达到剪切分离样方特征点所需的载荷越大。10cm玉米样方屈服拉力点载荷为2.7kN，抗拉极限点载荷为2.9kN；20cm玉米样方屈服拉力点载荷为3.6kN，抗拉极限点载荷为3.61kN；10cm空地样方两点载荷分别为2.3kN和2.5kN；20cm深度空地样方载荷分别为3.1kN和3.4kN。该方法可直接量化测定玉米根系固土能力，为农业水土保持提供了有效研究手段。

Research on In-Situ Measurement of Soil-fixation Capability of Corn Roots

Experiments of in situ measuring the stabilization capability of soil by corn roots (10cm and 20cm) and bare soil square with the anchor shank tension meter and self designed shear box were conducted. The results indicated that when an equally load was applied, the displacement of bare soil square was higher than that of corn square in two depths, the displacement was the lowest in 20cm depth. The higher the root took in the soil square, the more load which made soil square separate from bulk soil was required. The bending point F2 and plastic deformation point F3 of soil square with corn in 10cm were 2.7kN and 2.9kN, respectively; those of soil square in 20cm were 3.6kN and 3.61kN; those of bare soil square in 10cm depth were 2.3kN and 2.5kN; those of bare soil square in 20cm depth were 3.1kN and 3.4kN. It is proposed that that is an appropriate method in fix quantify measure corn root soil fixation capability in the agriculture soil and water conservation.