几种向日葵菌核病早期抗性鉴定方法的比较

通过菌土盆栽法、菌丝块茎部贴接法、皮壳接种法和草酸浸根法四个试验,初步查明在向日葵菌核病早期抗性鉴定中以草酸浸根法和皮壳接种法效果显著,快速易行,可作为早期和苗期抗性鉴定的重要方法.菌土盆栽法虽需时较长,但属自然侵染,在抗性鉴定中也应予以考虑;而菌丝块茎部贴接法反应强烈,绝大部分接种植株死亡,不能较好地区分品种间的抗性差异.四种方法均为早期和苗期抗性试验,为得出更确切而全面的结果,应结合田间抗性试验,最好结合田间病圃鉴定,以便更准确地鉴定出整个生长期不同品种间的抗性水平.

Comparisons of Means of Identificating Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at Early Stage

Resistance of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) varieties was identified by means of diseased-soil-potting,stem mycelial attachment,hull inoculation and root oxalate-dipping.The results indicated that the effects of means of root oxalate-dipping and hull inoculation were significant,as they were quick and easy to carry out,so they were supposed to be important means for resistance identification.Diseasedsoil-potting is naturally infected,although it spents longer time;while stem mycelial attachment should be cautiously employed because of its acute reaction.All the four means were conducted at early and seedling stage,they should be combined with field trials especially in nursery so that more accurate and comprehensive results were obtained,so that resistant levels among different sunflower varieties(lines) to S.sclerotiorum were more exactly identified.