Genetic diversity in oil and vegetable mustard (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">juncea</Emphasis>) landraces revealed by SRAP markers |
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Authors: | Xiao-ming Wu Bi-yun Chen Guangyuan Lu Han-zhong Wang Kun Xu Gao Guizhan Yunchun Song |
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Institution: | (1) College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic of China;(2) Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xudong 2th Road No. 2, Wuhan, 430062, People’s Republic of China |
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Abstract: | Mustard (Brassica
juncea) is an important crop in both ancient and modern world. It has a broad resource of genetic diversity that is used primarily
as oilseed but as vegetables, condiment and medicines also. Its superior tolerance to adverse environments, e.g., drought,
high temperature and low fertility suggests its better adaptability in future possible harsh environments. Chinese vegetable
mustard displays a wide spectrum of morphotypes. A collection of 95 accessions of B. juncea representing oil and vegetable mustards from China, France, India, Pakistan, and Japan were assessed to determine diversity
at the molecular level using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP). Eight SRAP primer combinations identified a total
of 326 scorable fragments of which 161 were polymorphic (49.39%). The percentage of polymorphism for each primer combination
varied from 21.88 to 66.67%. Both Shannon-Weaver and Simpson genetic diversity index indicated that the level of genetic diversity
within vegetable mustard is much higher than within oil mustard, and also winter oil mustards are genetically more diverse
than spring oil mustards. Based on the Cluster and Principal Coordinates analysis, which were conducted on the similarity
matrix of SRAP marker data, vegetable, spring oil and winter oil mustard were clearly divided into three distinct groups and
among these three groups, spring and winter oil mustard are geneticlly closer than vegetable mustard. This suggests that bilateral
gene exchange between oil and vegetable gene pools in the breeding program will effectively elevate the genetic potential
in developing higher yields, more disease resistance, better quality and better adapted lines. |
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