坡地间隔覆盖配施土壤改良剂的实用性研究

本文采用间隔覆盖配施土壤改良剂方法,利用室内人工降雨实验与土柱实验研究该方法对土壤水分运动及分布的影响,进而为其实际应用奠定理论基础。结果表明:(1)间隔覆盖法可增加入渗区蓄水量,面积比为1:1时,土壤蓄水量可达到降雨量的1.83倍。配施土壤改良剂情况下,雨强I=60 mm/h,面积比1:1时,降雨入渗率可达到未施加改良剂处理的2.60倍。湿润锋分布较深,水分分布均匀程度也有所提高。(2)对土壤水分蒸发及吸持水能力的研究发现,在施加土壤改良剂条件下,水分蒸发受到抑制,而土壤吸持水能力增强,但两方面作用均与PAM用量密切相关。虽然研究结果证实此种方法的实用性,但土壤改良剂的适宜用量、间隔覆盖法的适宜面积比、水分的实际调控效果及其对作物的影响需进一步研究。

Study on Practicability of Interval Coverage Combined with Soil Conditioner on Slope Land

In this paper,adopted interval coverage combined with soil conditioner,influence of this method on soil water movement and distribution were investigated by using indoor artificial rainfall and soil column ex- periments.The results showed that :(1)Soil water storage in infiltration zone could be increased,when area ration was 1 :1,soil water storage could reach 1.83 times of total rainfall.Combined with application of soil conditioner,under I=60mm/h and the area ratio of 1 :1,rainfall infiltration rate can be achieved 2.60 times of that of the treatment without soil conditioner.Wetting front reached deeper,and water distribution uniformity has been upgraded.(2)With application of soil conditioner,evaporation was controlled,soil wa- ter-holding and absorption capacity were improved,but the two are closely related with the amount of PAM. Moreover,while the study confirmed the results of the practicality of this method,but the appropriate a- mount of soil amendments,the appropriate interval overlay area ratio,the actual water control effects and the impact on the crop still need further be studied.